1. Water Cycle

2. Water Cycle Vocabulary
Evaporation- Solar energy causes water on Earth’s surface to change from a liquid to a gas.
Most occurs over the ocean and large lakes.
(Evapo) Transpiration- water vapor that enters the atmosphere when it is released from plants.
Sublimation- process of converting a solid directly to a gas.
Glaciers and snow caps.

3. Water Cycle Vocabulary
Condensation- water vapor forms droplets on small particles in the air.
Billions of these droplets make up clouds.
As warm air rises, it expands and cools.
Precipitation- When water droplets in clouds get too heavy, gravity causes them to fall to the ground as:
Rain, snow, sleet, and hail.
Rates of evaporation and precipitation are balanced.

4. Freshwater 97% is ocean water. Only 3% is freshwater.
2% is locked up in glaciers and ice caps.
1% is usable by humans
Groundwater
Rivers
lakes

5. Freshwater Storage
Glaciers- form where more snow falls than melts each year.
Ponds and Lakes- form in depressions in the land.
These depressions are often caused by the weight of past glaciers that have melted.
Atmosphere- tiny % of earth’s water is found in the form of clouds.

6. Streams and Rivers Runoff- water that flows over Earth’s surface.
Eventually reach streams (or get absorbed by the ground as groundwater)
Tributaries- many small streams that make up a river system.
Watershed- area of land that contributes water to a river system.
Also called drainage basins.

7. Water Beneath the Surface

8. Water table- top of the saturated zone.
Groundwater- water found underground within cracks, and between particles of rock and soil.
most of Earth’s liquid freshwater is underground.
Saturated zone- region where pore spaces are entirely filled with water.
Water table- top of the saturated zone.
Permeable rock- a rock that water can easily flow through.
Aquifer- a permeable rock that is saturated with water.
Impermeable rock- a rock that water cannot flow through.
Bedrock is a type of these.