1. Energy Conservation in Buildings using Thermal Energy Storage
Dr Anant Shukla
Technical Expert – TRIGEN
Indo-German Energy Program (IGEN)
German Technical Cooperation (GTZ)
Pune, 25 June 2009

2. Contents Energy use in buildings Energy Conservation Skills
Objective of Thermal Energy Storage
Use of Thermal Energy Storage in buildings
Types of Thermal Energy Storage
Applications of Thermal Energy Storage
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3. Energy use in buildings
Electricity is used for Air Conditioning in commercial buildings during peak and non-peak hours.
Electricity is not reliable in most parts of country.
ACs not set at desired temperatures for human comfort.
Air leakages in buildings leads to loss of thermal energy.
Use of Diesel Generator as a backup for air-conditioning and lighting during power failures.
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4. India’s Energy Scenario
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5. Energy Conservation skills
Manage efficiently the utilization of energy resources, upgrade hardware and employ cleaner and most efficient technologies.
Train employees to make company the pace settler in the area of energy conservation.
Carry out regular internal and external audits to identify areas of improvement.
Benchmark continuously the performance against the best in the country.
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6. Promote awareness among all members of the large company family.
Enrich our experience on energy conservation by exchange of ideas with other organizations.
Promote awareness among all members of the large company family.
Prepare and Undertake a Detailed Project Implementation Plan.
Implement a Staff Awareness and Training Program.
Annual Review.
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7. Objective of Thermal Energy Storage
To achieve and maintain optimum energy use and utilization, of storage during non-peak hours and:
To minimize energy cost/wastage without affecting production & quality.
To minimize environmental effects.
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8. What are thermal energy storage devices/ materials?
Thermal Energy Storage materials/devices store heat
during peak power operation and release the same,
during reduced power operation
The energy storage devices may include:
Sensible heat storage – heat capacity
Latent heat storage – phase change
Magnetic storage
Super capacitors
Chemical storage
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9. Classification of Thermal Energy Storage materials
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10. Comparison of storage capacities
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11. How Thermal Energy Storage work?
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12. PCM Energy stored as function of temperature
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13. Thermal Energy Storage
Thermal Energy Storage can be used in:
Air Conditioning
Solar Thermal Storage
Concentrated Solar Power
Cogeneration
Trigeneration
Waste Heat Recovery
District Heating & Cooling
Food industry
Textiles, etc
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14. Thermal Energy Storage for peak load shaving
Cool storage technology can be used to significantly reduce energy costs by allowing energy-intensive, electrically driven cooling equipment to be predominantly operated during off-peak hours when electricity rates are lower.
In addition, some system configurations result in lower first costs and/or lower operating costs compared to non-storage systems.
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15. Thermal Energy Storage in Telecom Shelters
A thermal load of 2 kW is used for maintaining the temperature at 24 C inside a telecom shelter.
During power failure the temperature is maintained by Diesel Generators.
The DGs (15 – 25 kVA) used as backup are polluting and is not a viable solution for thermal backup.
Total installed DGs over 1,99,000 towers is around 3000 – 5000 MVA.
Approx. 2.7 Gl per month of diesel used as power backup in telecom shelters.
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16. Disadvantages of using DGs
Though DG sets seems to be a good solution to the problem of power shortage, using them poses several long-term issues:
Harmful carbon emissions
Expensive fuel
Transporting a cumbersome task
Pilferage during transit
Regular maintenance (may not be easily available in rural areas)
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17. Advantages of using Thermal Energy Storage
Thermal Energy Storage can provide a reliable solution to power failures.
About 280 kg of Thermal Energy Storage material maintain temperature at °C for up to 8 hrs under normal ambient conditions.
Reduces carbon emissions up to 6.3 million tons per annum
Save 2.5 billion liters of diesel per annum.
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18. Benefits of using thermal energy storage
Reduces Peak Demand at most critical time %
Reduces consumer’s energy costs %
May reduce energy usage at the building up to 14%
Reduces source energy usage at power plant %
Reduces emissions up to 50%
Increases Load Factor of Generation up to 25%
Provides operational flexibility
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19. Conclusion
Reliable and affordable energy storage is a prerequisite for using energy in an efficient way.
Energy storage therefore has a pivotal role in the future.
Energy storage is the most promising technology currently available to meet the ever increasing demand for energy.
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20. Thank you Contact: Dr. Anant Shukla
Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH
Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Power
4th Floor, Sewa Bhawan, R. K. Puram, Sector 1
New Delhi –
Cell:
Ph.:
Fax:
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