1. How Technology will make Renewable Energy Competitive 10/17/2013
Confidential & Proprietary

2. Alternative Energy Solutions Technology Focus

3. Today’s Grid Regional Transmission Organization (RTO)
Generation
Transmission
Substation
Distribution
Customer Loads
‘We cannot manage what we cannot measure’ 3

4. Smart Grid Development Map
Technologies
Capabilities
Two-Way Communication
One-Way Communication
Intelligent Appliances
Complete Circuit Monitoring
Distributed Gen/Storage
Customer Portals
Advanced Load Management
Preventative/Self-Healing
Substation Automation
Advanced Distribution Automation
Utility Information Available to Customer
Distribution Equipment Tracking and Management
Automated Outage Detection and Restoration
Intelligent Demand Response
Automated Billing Using Drive by Van
PHEV Charge Control
Dominion Virginia Power
Customer
Customer Choice
Smart Grid
Applications
Smart Grid
AMI
Existing Grid
First Level Distribution Automation (LS)
Customer Call Based Outage Management 4

5. The Smart Grid and Tomorrow’s AMI-Enabled Home
Customer
Dominion Virginia Power
Substation
Automation
PCT
Distributed Intelligence
Web Portal Energy Management
Distributed
Renewable Generation
Battery
Storage
Voltage Conservation
Advanced Transformer & Feeder Monitoring
Plug-in
Vehicle
Smart
Appliances
Automated Switchgear
AMI Meter
Distributed
Renewable Generation
Advanced Two-Way Communications Infrastructure 5 5

6. Levelized Cost of New Generation 2013 EIA Annual Energy Outlook 2013 (2018 COD)CT t
CC (3x1)

7. Wind Generation Profile
* Kitty Hawk NC
Challenge: Moving Wind Benefit to coincide with Dominion’s Peak Load

8. Solar Generation
Challenge: Moving Solar Peak to coincide with economic benefit (PJM LMP Peak)

9. Solar / Battery Peak Shifting Optimize Batteries for Peak Benefit
Challenge: Moving Solar Peak to coincide with economic benefit (PJM LMP Peak)
Charge battery during off-peak w Solar
Discharge battery during peak
Solar Economic Volume
≈$30/day Solar only
≈ $90/day Solar & Battery

10. Solar Firming/Intermediacy
Purpose: To flatten out the solar production throughout the day due to cloud cover by allowing the batteries to fill gaps during short periods of solar production intermediacy.
Fast acting relays and controls allows for solar firming

11. Dominion North Carolina Power Kitty Hawk Microgrid Project
Kitty Hawk Microgrid Research Project details
Located at DNCP district office in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina
Installed “behind-the-meter”
Consists of:
Four microwind turbines (17 kW rated capacity): 3 vertical axis, 1 horizontal axis
Ground-mounted solar PV (6 kW rated capacity)
Lithium-ion battery system (25 kW power/75 kWh capacity)
Existing on-site diesel generator (100 kW)
Sophisticated proprietary control system
Research topics include:
Islanding capability
Intermittency improvement
Wind production vs. solar production in coastal environment
Outage load reduction on existing back-up generator
Peak shaving and peak shifting
Battery storage and degradation
Effect of salt spray on equipment

12. Dominion Virginia Commonwealth University Microgrid
Partnership between VCU School of Engineering and Dominion
VCU Microgrid details
Located at School of Engineering building
Installed “behind-the-meter”
Consists of:
Small solar PV system
230 Greenlet Technologies portable voltage monitors
Power Tagging Technologies’ Grid Location Aware
Dominion Voltage Inc.’s EDGE (conservation voltage reduction)
Research topics include:
Collection and analysis of end-use voltage and consumption data
Ability to make real-time energy adjustments to building via voltage optimization and peak demand reduction
Verification of energy/demand savings
Microgrid expected to reduce energy costs by 4%

13. Other Potential Renewable Benefits Enabled by technology
T&D Deferral:
Advanced metering has allowed utilities to locate high growth areas where renewable could defer future capital expenditures
Improved Air quality
Take advantage of renewables zero emissions when available
Target non-attainment areas
Future rate increases
Lock in fuel rates, zero fuel cost, non-dispatchable
Islanding capability / Micro-Grid
Outage load reduction on existing diesel back-up generator
Lowers emissions from backup generators
EV / PHEV Charging
Charge vehicles during off peak periods & renewables only
V2G
CPP, TOU, RTP Rates
Interact with smart meters & load in real-time