1. The Rock Cycle Thinking about relationships among the major rock groups

2. 2 Major Rock Groups Igneous –Formed from a melt (molten rock) –Intrusive (Plutonic-magma): slow cooling and crystallization –Extrusion (Volcanic-lava): quick cooling at the surface Sedimentary –Formed at the Earth’s surface –Clastic (Mineral Fragments or grains, clays) –Chemical (crystalline chemical/biochemical precipitates) –Organic (formed from living material i.e. coal) Metamorphic –Changed by pressure, temperature and fluids. –Foliated (banded mineral or crystalline structures) –Nonfoliated (no banding)

3. Fig. 2.9 MAGMA

4. 4 Crystallization IGNEOUS

5. 5 MAGMA IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization

6. 6 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization

7. 7 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Uplift Crystallization Weathering

8. 8 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENT Uplift Crystallization Weathering SEDIMENT

9. 9 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENT Uplift Crystallization Weathering SEDIMENT Erosion & Transport Water Wind Ice Gravity

10. 10 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY Uplift Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition Lithification = Cementation + Compaction

11. 11 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Uplift Burial Increased P&T Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition

12. 12 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Uplift Burial Increased P&T Melting Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition Can you see any shortcuts?

13. 13 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Uplift Burial Increased P&T Melting Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition

14. The rock cycle demonstrates the relationships among the three major rock groups It is powered by the interior heat of the Earth As well as earth’s momentum and… The energy from the sun It involves processes on the Earth’s surface as well as the Earth’s interior It connects the “hydrologic cycle” with the “tectonic cycle”. In Conclusion…

15. 15

16. 16 MAGMA Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENT SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Uplift Burial Increased P&T Melting Crystallization Weathering Erosion Transport Deposition