1. Cycles of Matter

2. Recycling Matter
Energy cannot be recycled but decreases as it is passed through the ecosystem.
Matter is continually recycled in a system.
Cycles of Matter
Water
Carbon & Oxygen
Nitrogen

3. Water Cycle
Continuous process by which water moves from Earth’s surface to the atmosphere and back.
Includes
Evaporation (Liquid Gas Vapor)
Condensation (Gas Vapor  Liquid)
Precipitation (Liquid falls from clouds)

4. Carbon & Oxygen Cycle Photosynthesis
Producers use carbon dioxide and sunlight to produce glucose (sugar).
Uses carbon dioxide, releases oxygen
Respiration
Consumers break down glucose to release energy and carbon dioxide
Uses oxygen, releases carbon dioxide
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight & chlorophyll C6H12O6 + 6O2
6O2 + C6H12O6 -->  6H2O + 6CO2 + energy

5. Carbon & Oxygen Cycle
Plant uses carbon dioxide to make sugar molecules.
Plant takes in carbon dioxide.
Animal eats sugar molecule.
Animal releases carbon dioxide into the air.

6. Carbon & Oxygen Cycle
Plant uses carbon dioxide to make sugar molecules.
Plant takes in carbon dioxide.
Animal eats sugar molecule.
Animal releases carbon dioxide into the air.

7. Carbon & Oxygen Cycle
Plant uses carbon dioxide to make sugar molecules.
Plant takes in carbon dioxide.
Animal eats sugar molecule.
Animal releases carbon dioxide into the air.

8. Carbon & Oxygen Cycle
Plant uses carbon dioxide to make sugar molecules.
Plant takes in carbon dioxide.
Animal eats sugar molecule.
Animal releases carbon dioxide into the air.

9. Carbon & Oxygen Cycle Figure 3-13 The Carbon Cycle Section 3-3 CO2 in
Atmosphere
CO2 in Ocean

10. Nitrogen Cycle Nitrogen Gas (Free nitrogen) Nitrogen Fixation
Most common form of nitrogen.
Cannot be used by organisms like us that need nitrogen
Must be converted into usable form.
Nitrogen Fixation
Process of changing nitrogen gas from the air into nitrogen compounds plants can use.
Performed by bacteria (some live in roots of plants—called nodules)
Fixed Nitrogen
Used by organisms to build proteins
Decomposers
Break down proteins into nitrogen compounds in soil.
Bacteria further break down nitrogen into nitrogen gas

11. Nitrogen Cycle

12. Nitrogen Cycle

13. Nitrogen Cycle

14. Nitrogen Cycle

15. Nitrogen Cycle

16. Nodules

17. Nitrogen Cycle Figure 3-14 The Nitrogen Cycle NO3- and NO2- NH3
Section 3-3
N2 in Atmosphere
NO3-
and NO2-
NH3

18. Summary Questions
Name and define the three major processes that occur during the water cycle.
Explain the role of plants in the carbon cycle.
Why is nitrogen fixation a necessary part of the nitrogen cycle?
Where do nitrogen-fixing bacteria live?
Explain how the movement of matter through an ecosystem is different from the movement of energy through an ecosystem.