1. Terrestrial Biomes
Overview

2. biome
large geographic areas that have similar climates and ecosystems (the types of organisms that live there)

3. climate
includes the average yearly temperature and amount of rainfall an area receives

4. coniferous
trees with cones and thin, needle-shaped leaves; evergreen trees such as pine, fir, and spruce

5. deciduous
trees that have flat leaves that change color and fall off before winter

7. Tropical Rain Forest

8. Tropical Rainforest

9. canopy

10. tropical rain forest Located around or near the equator.
Land covered by tall trees and lush plant growth.
Warm/hot temperatures year round 68-93oF
high amounts of rain ”
Ferns, orchids, and tall (canopy) trees
Parrots, snakes, frogs, monkeys, lizards

11. Thousands of species of trees and other plants.
Thousands of species of animals: monkeys, frogs, birds, insects, etc.
A lot of rain and an astonishing variety of organisms.
Produce 40% of Earth’s oxygen

12. Tropical Grasslands

13. Savanna

14. tropical grassland or savanna
a grassland biome near the equator
Warm temperatures (~70o F)
Wet and dry seasons
Dry 4” of rain, wet 15-25” of rain
Grasses, shrubs, and a few trees
Animals like zebras, giraffes, wildebeest, gazelles, lions, leopards, elephants
Where the zoo animals live. (Lion King)

15. Desert

18. deserts Land covered by rocks or sand. Poor soil.
Extreme temperature changes between day and night oF
Very little rain--receives less than 10 in. (25 cm) of rain each year
Some have cold winters, some have cold nighttime temperatures, but they have high daytime temperatures

19. deserts
A few plants that are able to store water such as the saguaro cactus and creosote bushes.
Animals mainly come out at night
Snakes, other reptiles, rodents
Owls, hawks, roadrunners
Very few large animals.
Barren, windblown sand dunes (hot deserts).

20. Temperate Deciduous Forest

21. Temperate Deciduous Forest

23. Land covered by deciduous trees.
Moderate temperatures (average 50oF)
Abundant rainfall throughout the year. (average in.)
Four distinct seasons.

24. temperate deciduous forest
Mostly deciduous trees such as beech, oak, maple, elm, hickory and some coniferous trees.
Animals include earthworms, birds, white-tailed deer, foxes, squirrels, raccoons, etc.
Deciduous trees (trees that lose their leaves)
Georgia is located in this biome.

25. Temperate Grasslands

26. buffalo

28. temperate grassland Covered with grasses, but basically no trees.
Found at the same latitude as temperate deciduous forests.
Not enough rain to support many trees.
Ave. temp 56oF; ave. rainfall in.
Grasses such as wheat. Scattered trees.
Also called pampas, steppe or veldt.

29. temperate grassland
Mostly grazing animals like antelope, prairie dogs, coyotes, bison/buffalo, skunks, badgers, and songbirds.
Called the “Bread baskets of the world” because of the crops grown there. (cereals—wheat, barley, corn)
Great Plains in the US/prairie

30. Taiga (boreal forest)

32. Taiga

33. taiga (ty-guh) Land covered by coniferous trees.
Long, cold winters with little precipitation, but warmer and wetter summers.
Ave. temp oF; ave. rainfall 12 in.
Plants include coniferous trees such as pine, fir, and spruce

34. taiga (ty-guh)
Deer, elk, caribou, wolves, moose, black bears, shrews, other rodents, and migratory birds
Some animals migrate to warmer climates in the winter; some hibernate
A cold forest of evergreen trees

35. Tundra

36. Tundra

37. tundra Land covered with ice for most of the year
made up of soil called permafrost—a layer of permanently frozen soil
a cold biome that does not support trees
Extremely cold and dry.
Ave. temp oF; ave. rainfall 8 in. (a cold desert)

38. tundra Low grasses and lichens. No/few trees.
Fewer species than other biomes.
caribou, arctic foxes, snowshoe hares, owls, voles (rodents)
Amphibians and reptiles are rare (they are cold blooded and cannot maintain a constant body temperature).
A cold, treeless plain; Arctic regions
The largest biome—covers about 20% of Earth’s land.

39. temperate deciduous forest
Moderate rainfall
Moderate temperatures
Trees that lose their leaves

40. tropical rain forest High levels of rainfall High temperatures
Many species of plants and animals

41. desert Low levels of rainfall High temperatures during the day
Low temperatures at night
Few large animals

42. tundra Low to moderate rain fall Lower temperatures year round
Few trees

43. temperate grasslands/prairie
Moderate rainfall
Moderate temperatures
Few trees

44. taiga Low to moderate rain fall Low temperatures for most of the year
(long winters)
Many coniferous trees

45. tropical grasslands/savanna
High levels of rainfall at times (wet season)
Low levels of rainfall at times (dry season)
Moderate to high temperatures
Few trees