1. How Science Affects People’s Lives
Economic Growth: Innovation, Competitiveness and Globalization
Information Technology
Integrated Circuits – Computers
9/9/09

2. 9/9/09

3. How Science Affects People’s Lives
Economic Growth: Innovation, Competitiveness and Globalization
Information Technology
Integrated Circuits -- Computers
The Internet
The World Wide Web
Wireless Communication
GPS
9/9/09

4. 9/9/09

5. 9/9/09

6. How Science Affects People’s Lives
Economic Growth: Innovation, Competitiveness and Globalization
Information Technology
Integrated Circuits -- Computers
The Internet
The World Wide Web
Wireless Communication
GPS
Photonics
Lasers
9/9/09

7. 9/9/09

8. 9/9/09

9. How Science Affects People’s Lives
Economic Growth: Innovation, Competitiveness and Globalization
Information Technology
Integrated Circuits -- Computers
The Internet
The World Wide Web
Wireless Communication
GPS
Photonics
Lasers
Light Emitting Diodes
Plasmas
Materials
Carbon Fibers
Plastics and Resins
9/9/09

10. How Science Affects People’s Lives
Energy and the Environment
Energy
Capacity to do work (W=F·s)
Units
Distance, s (m)
Force: Mass x Acceleration, F=ma: Newton (kg·m/s2)
Work or Energy
Joule = kg·m2/s2
Calorie (Amt of heat needed to raise 1 g water 1 deg C)
1 Cal = J
BTU (Amt of heat needed to raise 1 lb water 1 deg F)
1 BTU = 1054 J
1 kWh = 3.6x106 J
1 Quad = BTU
9/9/09

11. Energy trends and technologies in the coming decades
9/9/09
Energy trends and technologies in the coming decades
Steven E. Koonin
Chief Scientist, BP plc
Aspen Center for Physics Energy Forum
July 10, 2006
“Physicist’s view” =
first-principles, quantitative, analytic, descriptive

12. key drivers of the energy future
Demand Growth
Supply Challenges
Technology
Environmental Constraints
Security
of Supply

13. Energy use grows with economic development
energy demand and GDP per capita ( ) US
Australia
France
Russia
S. Korea UK
Japan
Ireland
Greece
Malaysia
Mexico
China
Brazil
India
Source: UN and DOE EIA
9/9/09

14. energy demand – growth projections
Global energy demand is set to grow by over 60% over the next 30 years – 74% of the growth is anticipated to be from non-OECD countries
Global Energy Demand Growth by Region ( )
Energy Demand (Mtoe)
Notes: 1. OECD refers to North America, W. Europe, Japan, Korea, Australia and NZ
2. Transition Economies refers to FSU and Eastern European nations
3. Developing Countries is all other nations including China, India etc.
Source: IEA World Energy Outlook 2004

15. US energy supply since 1850
Source: EIA

16. current and historical global energy mix
Current global energy supply is dominated by fossil fuels – oil has been the largest component of the energy mix for many decades; gas has grown strongly since the 1970’s; coal has been growing in the last four years; hydro is constant and nuclear has plateaued
Source: BP Statistical Review

17. significant hydrocarbon resource potential
Oil, Gas and Coal Resources by Region (bnboe)
Gas
Europe
Resource Potential (bnboe)
Oil
Coal
FSU
Oil
Gas
Coal
Resource Potential (bnboe)
North America
Resource Potential (bnboe)
Middle East
Oil
Gas
Coal
Resource Potential (bnboe)
Asia Pacific
Oil
Gas
Coal
Resource Potential (bnboe)
Africa
Oil
Gas
Coal
Resource Potential (bnboe)
Oil
Gas
Coal
South America
Resource Potential (bnboe)
Oil
Gas
Coal
Key:
- unconventional oil
- conventional oil
- gas
- coal
Source: BP Data

18. Some energy technologies
9/9/09
Some energy technologies
Primary Energy Sources:
Light Crude
Heavy Oil
Tar Sands
Wet gas
CBM
Tight gas
Nuclear
Coal
Solar
Wind
Biomass
Hydro
Geothermal
Extraction & Conversion Technologies:
Exploration
Deeper water
Arctic
LNG
Refining
Differentiated fuels
Advantaged chemicals
Gasification
Syngas conversion
Power generation
Photovoltaics
Bio-enzyimatics
H2 production & distribution
CO2 capture & storage
End Use Technologies:
ICEs
Adv. Batteries
Hybridisation
Fuel cells
Hydrogen storage
Gas turbines
Building efficiency
Urban infrastructure
Systems design
Other efficiency technologies
Appliances
Retail technologies

19. Assignment for 09/16/09
The last slide contains a list of primary energy sources, extraction and conversion technologies and end use technologies. A new book on energy is about to be published, which covers all of these subjects.
As an assistant editor you have been tasked to help write the blurb for the book jacket. Your job is to provide the editor with approximately 300 words on each of two subtopics that appear in the lists. The editor will select two of them to highlight for the book jacket. You may select any two subtopics: you may choose all of them from one category, or you may mix them.
9/9/09