1. Hydrocarbons

2. Fossil Fuels Oil, Natural Gas, and Coal Account for 88% of energy used in the world Not renewable: –1500 – 250 yrs of coal –120 – 70 yrs of natural gas –60 – 45 yrs of oil – where? Produces CO 2

3. Natural Gas Mostly methane (CH 4 ) –Ethane, propane and butane are removed Highest energy/mass Burns the cleanest ~100 year supply Less CO 2 /unit of energy ½ of homes in US heated with natural gas

4. Natural Gas Sometime will have to be replace with gas from coal Another source is methane hydrate crystals –Huge amounts but difficult to get Sour gas? –Contains H 2 S which must be removed

5. Petroleum First discovered: –1859 – Pennsylvania –1908 – Middle East – Iran Mixture of hydrocarbons – straight chain

7. Petroleum First discovered: –1859 – Pennsylvania –1908 – Middle East – Iran Mixture of hydrocarbons – straight chain ½ of consumption for 500 million vehicles –1 billion vehicles by 2030 Will need other mobile fuels

8. Petroleum Also used for raw materials Less than ½ recovered – economics Demand will outstrip supply in this decade

10. Petroleum Also used for raw materials Less than ½ recovered – economics Demand will outstrip supply in this decade –Price? Why is OPEC keeping the price of oil so low?

12. H11 – C4 14 - 16, 18 - 21, 23 - 25, 27, 29, 51, 52