1. 10 years of SLEIPNER CO2 Storage
Classification: Internal Status: Draft
10 years of SLEIPNER CO2 Storage
Tore A Torp, Dr.ing. Adviser CO2 Storage, StatoilHydro ASA, Norway

2. 11 years of SLEIPNER CO2 Storage
CONTENT:
“Low Carbon Diet”
Industrial Experiences with CO2
Sleipner, In Salah, K12B, Ketzin, Snohvit and ???
VISION

3. Sleipner CO2 injection: - Decided in In operation since million tonne CO2/år Time Magazine, 17. May 2004

4. Previous Experiences with CO2 & Injection
Enhanced Oil Recovery (Texas, Hungary, Turkey, Brazil,Croatia)
Natural gas cleaning
Transport – Pipelines & Ships
Natural gas re-injection
Natural gas underground storage and
Beer & soft drinks, dry cleaning, food packaging – Every day life

5. Yara CO2-tankers, 1500 m3 capacity

6. The Sleipner field – CO2 Treatment and Injection

7. CO2 Injection Well in "Utsira"
Sleipner A
Sleipner T
500m CO 2
Injection W
ell
1000m CO
Utsir a 2 F or
mation
1500m
Sleipner Øst
Production and Injection W
ells
2000m
500m
1000m
1500m
2500m
Heimdal Formation

8. The Utsira Formation

9. SALINE AQUIFER CO2 STORAGE PROJECT
BGS
BRGM
GEUS
IFP
NITG-TNO
SINTEF
Statoil BP
ExxonMobil
Total
Norsk Hydro
Vattenfall
IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme
Schlumberger Research
NO, DK, NL, FR & UK Authorities

10. Time-lapse seismic datasets of CO2 stored in Utsira formation
As mentioned – a very important part of the Sleipner CO2 injection project has been to monitor the behaviour of CO2.
These pictures show seismic datasets over the period It clearly shows that CO2 is contained in the formation by an overlaying cap-rock.

11. 1 km CO2 distribution June 2006
Plume extension & top Utsira time map
CO2 distribution June 2006
8,4 million tonnes injected over 10 years
Plume area: 2,8 km2 (1,3 km2 in 2001)
Plume long axis: 3760 m
Maximum distance from injection point: 2560m
Maximum speed of front since 2004: 250 m/year,
Distance from CO2 to wells:
Exploration well 15/9-13: 430m, decreasing about 12 m/year
D-template: about 2 km straight west of northern plume
15/9-19 wells: about 4,5 km north of plume
saddle
3,76 km
Injection point
15/9-13
Seismic section
Plume outline June 2006
430m
Plume outline Oct 2001
1 km
Amplitude maps of the uppermost horizon, in 2001 (left), 2004 (middle) and 2006 (right). Hot colours represent higher amplitudes and thicker CO2 accumulation.

12. Simulated picture of the distribution of CO2 after three years.
Radius of largest bubble 800 m and the total plume 200 m high.
Ref: SINTEF Petroleum 2001

13. Dissolution of CO2 in the Utsira Brine
Year 2412
Year 2021
Year 2621
Year 5019
Year 7018
Source: Gemini No. 1, 2004 (NTNU and Sintef)

14. 3D Seismic proven, Gravimetry tested
SACS Project
WHAT WE DID ACHIEVE:
3D Seismic proven, Gravimetry tested
Reservoir simulation tools partly proven
Geology and Geochemistry of “Utsira” mapped
Reason to expect the CO2 to stay for thousands of years DOCUMENTATION
“SACS Best Practice Manual, 1.version.”
Download from see page “SACS”.

15. Demonstrations of CO2 storage
SLEIPNER
SNØHVIT
WEYBURN
KETZIN
IN SALAH
FRIO BRINE
Nagaoka
K12B
GORGON
Source: IEA GHG

16. Sleipner CO2 Injection

17. SAFETY STRATEGY
- Prepare
Detect
Remediate

18. What is keeping the CO2 down?
Trapping Mechanisms
Closure - from day one –faults?
Micro-pore trapping - during injection - lasting
Dissolution in water - sinking to the bottom – centuries
Mineral binding - precipitating solids – centuries/millennia

19. Possible Leakage? Leakage ways? WELLS - Corrosion of cement & steel
Faults/Cracks – Overpressure critical
Underground fluid mobility – Site specific Prevention
Detection
Remediation

20. Monitoring and safety over TIME?
Before start: Site selection, Planning and Risk assessment =>licence
During injection: Monitoring – “Watch the barn doors” => report
Closure: Monitoring and long-term risk => agreement
Post-closure: Monitoring gradually less => hand-over  Safety against leakage will be better over time!

21. CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) needs two legs to walk!
Leg 1: TRUST in Storage
Methods from oil and gas industry
Geology varies from place to place
 More demonstrations
Leg 2: COST of Capture
Energy use
Costs
 Better technologies
Pace: CO2 Transport
Pipeline
Ship
 Large projects

22. Vision

23. SLEIPNER - 10 years of CO2 Storage
THANKS for your attention!
QUESTIONS?