1. End Show Slide 1 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology

2. End Show Slide 2 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources

3. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 3 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying Resources How are environmental resources classified?

4. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 4 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying Resources Environmental goods and services may be classified as either renewable or nonrenewable.

5. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 5 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying Resources Renewable resources can regenerate if they are alive, or can be replenished by biochemical cycles if they are nonliving. A tree is an example of a renewable resource because a new tree can be planted in place of an old tree that dies or is cut down.

6. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 6 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Classifying Resources A nonrenewable resource is one that cannot be replenished by natural processes. Fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are nonrenewable resources. Once these fuels are depleted, they are gone forever.

7. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 7 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Sustainable Development What effects do human activities have on natural resources?

8. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 8 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Sustainable Development Human activities can affect the quality and supply of renewable resources such as land, forests, fisheries, air, and fresh water.

9. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 9 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Sustainable Development Sustainable development is a way of using natural resources without depleting them, and of providing for human needs without causing long- term environmental harm.

10. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 10 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Land Resources Land provides space for human communities and raw materials for industry. Land also includes the soils in which crops are grown. If managed properly, soil is a renewable resource.

11. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 11 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Land Resources Food crops grow best in fertile soil—a mixture of sand, clay, rock particles, and humus (material from decayed organisms).

12. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 12 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Land Resources Soil erosion is the wearing away of surface soil by water and wind. Plowing the land removes the roots that hold the soil in place, and therefore increases the rate of soil erosion.

13. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 13 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Land Resources Desertification is the process by which productive areas are turned into deserts. Desertification is caused by a combination of farming, overgrazing, and drought.

14. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 14 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Land Resources A variety of sustainable-development practices can prevent problems such as soil erosion and desertification.

15. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 15 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Land Resources Sustainable-development practices include: contour plowing—fields are plowed across the slope of the land to reduce erosion leaving stems and roots of the previous year's crop in place to help hold the soil planting a field with rye rather than leaving it unprotected from erosion

16. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 16 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Forest Resources Earth’s forests are an important resource for the products they provide and for the ecological functions they perform.

17. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 17 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Forest Resources Forests: provide wood for products and fuel. remove carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. store nutrients. provide habitats and food for organisms. moderate climate. limit soil erosion. protect freshwater supplies.

18. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 18 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Forest Resources Whether a forest can be considered a renewable resource depends partly on the type of forest. Temperate forests of the Northeast are renewable because they have been logged and have grown back naturally. Old-growth forests, such as those in Alaska and the Pacific Northwest, are nonrenewable because it takes centuries to produce them.

19. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 19 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Forest Resources Deforestation Loss of forests, or deforestation, has several effects: Erosion can wash away nutrients in the topsoil. Grazing or plowing can permanently change local soils and microclimates, which prevents the regrowth of trees.

20. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 20 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Forest Resources Forest Management Mature trees can be harvested selectively to promote the growth of younger trees and preserve the forest ecosystem. Tree geneticists are breeding new, faster-growing trees that produce high-quality wood.

21. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 21 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Fishery Resources Fishes and other animals that live in water are a valuable source of food.

22. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 22 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Fishery Resources Overfishing Overfishing, or harvesting fish faster than they can be replaced by reproduction, has greatly reduced the amount of fish in parts of the world’s oceans. Until recently, fisheries seemed to be a renewable resource, but overfishing has limited that resource.

23. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 23 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Fishery Resources Sustainable Development The U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service has issued guidelines that specify how many fish, and of what size, can be caught in various parts of the oceans. The regulations have helped fish populations recover.

24. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 24 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Fishery Resources

25. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 25 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Fishery Resources

26. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 26 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Fishery Resources Aquaculture The raising of aquatic animals for human consumption, which is called aquaculture, is also helping to sustain fish resources.

27. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 27 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Air Resources The condition of the air affects people’s health. Smog is a mixture of chemicals that occurs as a gray-brown haze in the atmosphere. Smog is: due to automobile exhausts and industrial emissions. considered a pollutant because it threatens people’s health.

28. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 28 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Air Resources A pollutant is a harmful material that can enter the biosphere through the land, air, or water. The burning of fossil fuels can release pollutants that cause smog and other problems in the atmosphere.

29. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 29 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Air Resources Strict automobile emissions standards and clean-air regulations have improved air quality in many cities, but air pollution is still a problem.

30. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 30 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Air Resources Many combustion processes release nitrogen and sulfur compounds into the atmosphere. These compounds combine with water vapor to form acid rain.

31. Slide 31 of 35 End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Formation of Acid Rain Air Resources Emissions to Atmosphere Nitrogen oxides Sulfur dioxide Chemical Transformation Nitric acid Sulfuric acid Condensation Dry Fallout Particulates Gases Precipitation Acid rain, fog, snow, and mist Industry Transportation Ore smelting Power generation

32. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 32 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Air Resources Acid rain kills plants by damaging their leaves and changing the chemistry of soils and standing-water ecosystems. Acid rain may dissolve and releases toxic elements, such as mercury, from the soil, freeing the elements to enter other portions of the biosphere.

33. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 33 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Freshwater Resources Americans use billions of liters of fresh water daily for everything from drinking and washing to watering crops and making steel. Although water is a renewable resource, the total supply of fresh water is limited and is threatened by pollution.

34. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 34 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Forest Resources Sources of pollution include: improperly discarded chemicals that enter streams and rivers. wastes discarded on land that seep through soil and enter underground water supplies. domestic sewage containing compounds that encourage growth of algae and bacteria. sewage containing microorganisms that spread disease.

35. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 35 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Freshwater Resources Sustainable Use of Water One way to ensure the sustainable use of water is to protect the natural systems involved in the water cycle that help purify water. These include: wetlands forests other vegetation

36. End Show 6-2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 36 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Freshwater Resources Also, by conserving water in: home industry agriculture

37. End Show - or - Continue to: Click to Launch: Slide 37 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 6-2

38. End Show Slide 38 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 6-2 Which of the following is a nonrenewable resource? a.trees b.grasses used by grazing animals c.oxygen in the air d.fossil fuels

39. End Show Slide 39 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 6-2 Which of the following is a sustainable-use strategy that can help prevent desertification? a.contour plowing b.protecting wetlands c.aquaculture d.selective harvesting of trees

40. End Show Slide 40 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 6-2 The advantage of sustainable development is that it a.provides for human needs without depleting natural resources. b.produces additional fossil fuels. c.protects wildlife from hunters and other threats. d.is a natural process that regulates itself.

41. End Show Slide 41 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 6-2 A mixture of chemicals that occurs as a haze in the atmosphere is known as a.smog. b.acid rain. c.particulates. d.fog.

42. End Show Slide 42 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 6-2 Plowing the land removes the roots that hold the soil in place and increases the rate of a.pollution. b.soil erosion. c.deforestation. d.soil formation.

43. END OF SECTION