1. 1 Challenge the future Ocean Energy – Tidal Energy Antonio Jarquin-Laguna28-04-2015 Challenge the future

2. 2 Tidal Range (tidal rise and fall) derived from the gravitational forces of the Earth-Moon-Sun system; Tidal Currents water flow resulting from the filling and emptying of coastal regions as a result of the tidal rise and fall Context

3. Oosterschelde, Den Oever, Marsdiep,…… Grevelingen, …… Afsluitdijk, …… Water power plants or Hydro power stations (Dutch: Waterkracht centrales) 1 High- head 2 Reservoir 3 Run-of- river 4 Osmosis- pressure 5 Osmosis- elec.curr. 6 Tidal- barrage 7 Tidal- stream 8 Waves 9 PSP’s 10 OTEC stream // river estuary // sea // ocean km Q Types of Plant = H Ad van derToorn Versie 20-3-2015 Q H New developments Maas, Lek, Vecht, … Plan Lievense, OPEC, ALPCAES, …..…

4. 4 Challenge the future 150 TWh/year or 90 GW of generating capacity 20 billion EUR electricity sales Global potential of tidal currents

5. 5 Challenge the future Current status ~7MW installed capacity globally 20- 130 MW tidal energy potential in the NL Need for pre-commercial projects and first farm arrays Tidal companies in the world 2014 JRC Ocean Energy Status Report

6. 6 Challenge the future Current technologies Horizontal Axis turbine Ducted turbine Oscillating hydrofoil

7. 7 Challenge the future Some full-scale demonstration projects

8. 8 Challenge the future Some full-scale demonstration projects Operational projects in the UK Ocean Energy Systems- Annual Report 2014

9. 9 Challenge the future Wave and current resource Impact of turbulence? Wave-current interaction? Devices and technology Water-to-wire numerical models Performance validation Moorings and foundations Deployment and operations How to increase the reliability? New offshore materials Farm array aspects Environmental impact Main R&D challenges

10. 10 Challenge the future The World’s first Tidal Array Scheme 7 MW tidal array project in the Pentland Firth in Scotland. The Swansea Bay Lagoon 320 MW tidal lagoon project in Swansea Bay, UK Dutch Tidal Test Center in den Oever High tidal flow site fro intermediate scale testing Some future prospects

11. 11 Challenge the future Dutch companies and other key players Tidal / current

12. 12 Challenge the future Role of the TUDelft High expertise from researchers with a connection to Ocean Energy Opportunity for new research projects and new ideas Education Technology AE,CiTG,EWI,3ME Resource CiTG Deployment and operation CiTG, TPM Environmental CiTG Policy and economics TPM

13. 13 Challenge the future Look forward to initiating Ocean Energy research with you !

14. 14 Challenge the future APPENDIX

15. 15 Challenge the future Wave energy Tidal currents Thermal energy Salinity gradient Ocean currents MaterialOffshore  Ocean Energy disciplines Process & Energy Electrical systems      Environmental & societal                    many cross-over between TUD faculties

16. 16 Challenge the future * Source: IPCC-SRREN, 2012 Thermal energy % of global electricity consumption* Capacity factor 200% 80 - 100% Ocean Energy Wave energy Tidal current Salinity gradient Ocean currents 14% 15 - 30% 6% 25 - 40% 26 - 40% 80 - 100%

17. 17 Challenge the future * Source: Ecofys, 2014 Wave energy Tidal currents Thermal energy Salinity gradient Ocean currents ConceptR&D Ocean Energy PilotDemonstrationComm. Position Dutch sector leaders Position International sector leaders Status of development

18. Hydropower in the Netherlands What are promising types of plants? Generating energy by means of hydropower. Large scale storage of energy Ad van der Toorn 28 April 2015

19. Pump Storage Plants (PSP) in the Netherlands Ad van der Toorn, 12-1-2015 P G PP G P P Pressure Caverns in salt domes Bath tub or “Valmeer” (rev. Lievense & KEMA) Gravity Power Shaft or Tower Relative small heads & big volumes so lots of turbines Relative high heads & small volumes so less turbines Underground PSP in old coal mines P P