2. Any organic material that can be used for its energy; wood, garbage, yard waste, crop waste, animal waste, even human waste Any organic material that can be used for its energy; wood, garbage, yard waste, crop waste, animal waste, even human waste Renewable Renewable Industry, homes, plants burn to make heat and produce energy Industry, homes, plants burn to make heat and produce energy Can produce air pollution and odor Can produce air pollution and odor Gets energy from the sun. Reduces organic material in landfills. Gets energy from the sun. Reduces organic material in landfills.

3. Black, solid fossil fuel formed from the remains of ancient plants in swamps Black, solid fossil fuel formed from the remains of ancient plants in swamps Nonrenewable Nonrenewable Located underground in many areas of the country Located underground in many areas of the country Most coal is burned for energy Most coal is burned for energy Power plants use to produce electricity Power plants use to produce electricity Can pollute the air and cause acid rain Can pollute the air and cause acid rain Produces ½ of the electricity in the US. US has largest coal reserves. Transported by train and barge and very expensive. Produces ½ of the electricity in the US. US has largest coal reserves. Transported by train and barge and very expensive.

4. Heat produced by the Earth’s core by the slow decay of naturally occurring radioactive particles. Heat produced by the Earth’s core by the slow decay of naturally occurring radioactive particles. Renewable Renewable Low temp resources are found almost everywhere. High temp resources are mostly found at the edge of plate tectonics Low temp resources are found almost everywhere. High temp resources are mostly found at the edge of plate tectonics Drill wells, lay pipes & pipe it to where it needs to go Drill wells, lay pipes & pipe it to where it needs to go Power plants use steam to produce electricity and homes use steam for heat Power plants use steam to produce electricity and homes use steam for heat Very little environmental effects Very little environmental effects Geothermal resources tend to come to the surface along plate edges Geothermal resources tend to come to the surface along plate edges

5. Is the force of moving water Is the force of moving water Renewable Renewable Sun causes water to evaporate into the atmosphere and form clouds. The water vapor condenses and falls to the earth as precipitation. Sun causes water to evaporate into the atmosphere and form clouds. The water vapor condenses and falls to the earth as precipitation. We can harness the energy flowing by damming rivers and using waterfalls We can harness the energy flowing by damming rivers and using waterfalls Electric utilities use dams to turn the flowing water into electricity Electric utilities use dams to turn the flowing water into electricity Can disrupt animal and fish habitat. Doesn’t pollute air, but can churn up sediments Can disrupt animal and fish habitat. Doesn’t pollute air, but can churn up sediments Cheapest and cleanest way to produce electricity. There are few places where new dams can be built. Cheapest and cleanest way to produce electricity. There are few places where new dams can be built.

6. Wind is the circulation of air caused by the uneven heating of the Earth’s surface. Wind is the circulation of air caused by the uneven heating of the Earth’s surface. Renewable Renewable The sun shines on the Earth, heating the land more than water. The warmer air rises and cooler air takes its place, producing convection currents. The sun shines on the Earth, heating the land more than water. The warmer air rises and cooler air takes its place, producing convection currents. Wind machines slow the motion of wind, turning turbines to produce electricity. Wind machines slow the motion of wind, turning turbines to produce electricity. Independent power producers build wind farms to produce electricity. Independent power producers build wind farms to produce electricity. Very clean, no pollution produced. They take up a lot of land, but the land can be used for other things at the same time. Very clean, no pollution produced. They take up a lot of land, but the land can be used for other things at the same time. Do not produce a lot of electricity and do not produce all the time. Cannot be used in many areas. There must be a stable, continuous wind resource. Do not produce a lot of electricity and do not produce all the time. Cannot be used in many areas. There must be a stable, continuous wind resource.

7. Colorless, odorless gas formed millions of years ago from tiny plants and animals. It is a fossil fuel. Colorless, odorless gas formed millions of years ago from tiny plants and animals. It is a fossil fuel. Nonrenewable Nonrenewable Underground rock formations. We drill to reach it and pipe it from the ground. Underground rock formations. We drill to reach it and pipe it from the ground. Usually we burn it to produce heat. Usually we burn it to produce heat. Industry to manufacture products, homes to produce heat, power plants to produce electricity. Industry to manufacture products, homes to produce heat, power plants to produce electricity. Clean burning fossil fuel, but produces some air pollution Clean burning fossil fuel, but produces some air pollution Shipped millions of miles underground. Mercaptan, an odorant that smells like rotten eggs, is added to natural gas so leaks can be detected. Shipped millions of miles underground. Mercaptan, an odorant that smells like rotten eggs, is added to natural gas so leaks can be detected.

8. A liquid fossil fuels. It can be thin and clear or thick and black like tar. A liquid fossil fuels. It can be thin and clear or thick and black like tar. Nonrenewable Nonrenewable Located in underground rocks, much is underwater. Wells are drilled and petroleum is pumped from the ground. Located in underground rocks, much is underwater. Wells are drilled and petroleum is pumped from the ground. It is refined into many different fuels which are burned to produce heat. It is refined into many different fuels which are burned to produce heat. Mostly used by transportation sector. Mostly used by transportation sector. Causes air pollution and drilling can cause damage to the land and water if there are leaks or spills. Causes air pollution and drilling can cause damage to the land and water if there are leaks or spills. We use more petroleum than any other energy source, but don’t produce enough to meet our needs. We import 2/3 of what we need. We use more petroleum than any other energy source, but don’t produce enough to meet our needs. We import 2/3 of what we need.

9. Colorless, odorless fossil fuel found within petroleum and natural gas. Colorless, odorless fossil fuel found within petroleum and natural gas. Nonrenewable Nonrenewable Found within petroleum and natural gas deposits and is separated during refining and processing. Found within petroleum and natural gas deposits and is separated during refining and processing. Put it in tanks under pressure to turn it to liquid for easier transport, then we burn it to produce heat. Put it in tanks under pressure to turn it to liquid for easier transport, then we burn it to produce heat. Heat in rural areas, outdoor grills, fuels for indoor machinery or fleet fuel Heat in rural areas, outdoor grills, fuels for indoor machinery or fleet fuel Clean burning, but does produce some air pollutants. Clean burning, but does produce some air pollutants. Easily turned to liquid under pressure. Stored in underground caverns and moved by pipelines and trucks. Called the portable fuel. Easily turned to liquid under pressure. Stored in underground caverns and moved by pipelines and trucks. Called the portable fuel.

10. Radiant energy from the sun that travels to Earth in electromagnetic waves. Radiant energy from the sun that travels to Earth in electromagnetic waves. Renewable Renewable Through a process called fusion. During fusion, radiant energy is emitted. Through a process called fusion. During fusion, radiant energy is emitted. We capture solar energy with solar collectors. We also use the visible light to see. We capture solar energy with solar collectors. We also use the visible light to see. We all use visible light to see during the day. Many homes and buildings use solar energy to heat and produce electricity. We all use visible light to see during the day. Many homes and buildings use solar energy to heat and produce electricity. No air or water pollution No air or water pollution Not available all the time. Expensive, but new technology will make solar energy a major energy source in the future. Not available all the time. Expensive, but new technology will make solar energy a major energy source in the future.

11. A common metallic element found in rocks all over the world. A common metallic element found in rocks all over the world. Nonrenewable Nonrenewable Underground in rock formations. It is mined to recover. US has plenty, but imports most of it because it is cheaper to do so. Underground in rock formations. It is mined to recover. US has plenty, but imports most of it because it is cheaper to do so. Processed and turned into pellets and burned. Uranium atoms are split during fission to produce heat. Processed and turned into pellets and burned. Uranium atoms are split during fission to produce heat. Produce electricity. Produce electricity. Produces a radioactive waste that is dangerous for thousands of years and must be stored carefully. Leaks pose a danger. Produces a radioactive waste that is dangerous for thousands of years and must be stored carefully. Leaks pose a danger. Little pollution except for radioactive waste which must be stored in special repositories. Currently no permanent ones in US, although one is planned at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Little pollution except for radioactive waste which must be stored in special repositories. Currently no permanent ones in US, although one is planned at Yucca Mountain, Nevada.