1. Waste Management & Eco-town Biodiversity Strategy Outline Waste Management Zero Waste concept Waste to Energy(Waste Treatment) Biodiversity in Eco-Town Prepared by: Soh Ann Joo & Norkamaliah

2. Waste Management Waste management defined as the collection, transport, processing (waste treatment), recycling or disposal of waste materials 1 Waste management involve solid, liquid or gaseous substances Key feature applied is focus on energy conservation, material development and integrated waste management 2 Eco-town will make residents and businesses more easy to reduce and manage their waste in sustainable way as provision of mechanisms, facilities and services 3 1: www.aggregatepros.com/DefinitionsWasteManagement.html 2: Global Environment Centre Foundation (2005),Eco-towns in Japan:Implications and Lessons for Developing Countries and Cities 3: Town and Country Planning Association(2008),Towards Zero Waste: Eco-towns Waste Management Worksheet,London

3. Expectation outcomes for sustainable waste management Demonstrate excellence of environment sustainability in technological such as wastewater treatment or grey water recycling and waste management systems to enhance sustainable behaviors among community Incorporate environmentally sustainable approaches to managing waste, waste water, drainage and flooding Integrate green space and features to enhance biodiversity Use construction methods and materials for low environment impact and minimum construction waste Source:Department for Communities and Local Government:London (2007), Eco-towns Prospectus

4. Zero Waste concept  Reconfigures the current waste management culture to a value recovery culture  Encourages new ways of thinking  Shifts from linear resource use and disposal cultural to a ‘closed-loop’ system [DIAGRAM] [DIAGRAM]  Maximises recycling, minimises waste, reduce consumption and ensures that products are made to be re-used, repaired or recycled back into nature Source: SDC Scotland (2008), A Burning Issue: Energy from Waste in Scotland: Sustainable Development Commission Scotland: Edinburgh, quoting from the Zero Waste New Zealand Trust  Reconfigures the current waste management culture to a value recovery culture  Encourages new ways of thinking  Shifts from linear resource use and disposal cultural to a ‘closed-loop’ system [DIAGRAM] [DIAGRAM]  Maximises recycling, minimises waste, reduce consumption and ensures that products are made to be re-used, repaired or recycled back into nature Source: SDC Scotland (2008), A Burning Issue: Energy from Waste in Scotland: Sustainable Development Commission Scotland: Edinburgh, quoting from the Zero Waste New Zealand Trust

5. Source: Zero Waste New Zealand Trust

6. Aims to meet Zero Waste concept stated by Town and Country Planning Association(2008),Towards Zero Waste: Eco-towns Waste Management Worksheet,London Encourage households & businesses towards a cultural change (waste hierarchy and use resources efficiently) in life and workwaste hierarchy Set targets for waste minimisation & achieve best practice Recover maximum value from residual waste and zero waste to landfill for all waste streams-diverted to alternative treatment and disposal To cover other producers : municipal, commercial and industrial Reduce greenhouse gas emissions from waste and resource recovery-focus on building & transport

8. Waste Management Process Source: Creative Co. Ltd,Ecology Recycle Port http://www.creative-ecorecyclport-pvt-ltd.in/enviro_process.html Processes of RPPWF (Re-fuse,Paper, Plastic & Wood Fuel) Processes of RPPWF (Re-fuse,Paper, Plastic & Wood Fuel)

9. Waste to Energy (WtE) Definition WtE or energy from waste its strictest sense refers to any waste treatment that creates energy in the form of electricity or heat from a waste source that would have been disposed of in landfill. More advance of WtE processes result in usable fuel commodity, such as hydrogen or ethanol. (Wagner, 2007)

10. The use of modern combustion technologies to recover energy, usually in the form of electricity and steam, from mixed municipal solid wastes. These new technologies can reduce the volume of the original waste by 90%, depending upon composition and use of outputs. (Wagner, 2007)

11. Sources: http://www.moraassociates.com/publications/0707%20Waste%20to%20Energy.pdfhttp://www.moraassociates.com/publications/0707%20Waste%20to%20Energy.pdf Pathways of waste materials which can be converted to energy or energy to related product

12. Source: www.window.state.tx.us/specialrpt/energy/renewable/municipal.php Example of Thermal Processing

13. Example of Bio-chemical Processing Source: http://www.moraassociates.com/publications/0707%20Waste%20to%20Energy.pdfhttp://www.moraassociates.com/publications/0707%20Waste%20to%20Energy.pdf Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) process outlines

14. Eco-town Biodiversity Strategy Definition Biodiversity is a modern term which simply means " the variety of life on earth”, (Corker, n.d) Biodiversity is the richness and diversity of habitats and species within a given area (TCPA, 2009)

15. Key elements of an Eco-town Biodiversity Strategy Siting, location and context Master planning Design Management Funding Governance and accountability

16. Thank You