1. There are two categories of resources
There are two categories of resources. Name the two types, give their definition and list 2 examples of each.
Renewable resources- can be replenished over a short period of time (ex. Food, plants, animals)
Non-renewable resources- takes millions of years to replenish (ex. Fossil fuels- coal, oil, natural gas)

2. What are fossil fuels? List three examples.
Fuels that come from remains of organisms that lived long ago (coal, oil-petroleum, natural gas)

3. What does coal form from? Give the 4 stages of development for coal.
Decomposed plant and animal material that has been buried and undergone extreme heat and pressure over millions of years
Peat
Lignite
Bituminous coal
Anthracite

4. Define Ore
A useful metallic mineral that can be mined at a profit

5. Why are non-metallic resources extracted and processed?
Extracted and processed for the nonmetallic elements they contain or for their physical and chemical products (used for building materials and industrial minerals)

6. List two reasons why a person may choose solar energy over another type of alternate energy.
Fuel is “free” and it is non-polluting

7. List two reasons why a person may not choose solar energy over another type of alternate energy.
Equipment is expensive and can not be used at night

8. Explain nuclear fission.
Process in which uranium nucleus splits in two releasing heat energy

9. Nuclear energy has its pros and cons too! List them
Produces large amounts of energy
Clean
Cons
Expensive to build nuclear plant
Disposal of waste is dangerous

10. List the “the good and the bad” about wind energy
Clean
Can be used at night
Bad
Causes noise pollution
Need large amounts of land

11. In the future, wind energy could produce what percentage of the nation’s demand for electricity?
5-10%

12. Hydroelectric power Explain where the power comes from and give the advantages and disadvantages.
Comes from the force of falling water
Advantages
Clean
Water is plentiful/renewable
Disadvantages
Dams must be rebuilt
Not many areas for development

13. Prefix geo means:
Earth

14. How is geothermal energy harnessed
How is geothermal energy harnessed? Give an example of geothermal energy.
Tapping into natural underground reservoirs of steam and hot water
Geysers/springs

15. List the advantages and disadvantages of geothermal energy.
Produces large amounts of power
Doesn’t harm environment
Disadvantages
Source eventually runs out

16. How is tidal power harnessed?
In and out flow of tides produces power

17. How do we use fresh water on a daily basis?
Cook, clean, grow food

18. How much of Earth’s water is fresh water?
3% but only 1% is available for us to drink

19. Explain the difference in point source pollution and non-point source pollution. Be able to identify each.
Point-source= know the source of the pollution
Non-point source= source of pollution is unknown

20. What is runoff?
Water that flows across the land

21. What helps maintain life on Earth?
Atmosphere

22. What is Global Warming? What caused it?
Unnatural heating of lower atmosphere
Cars releasing carbon monoxide

23. Why is the ozone important?
ozone layer protects us from sun’s harmful rays

24. What are the lands resources?
Soil, forests, mineral and energy resources

25. How does mining for resources damage the land?
Destroys plants and habitats for animals
Causes soil erosion

26. Explain conservation. List 2 examples of how we can conserve resources.
Careful use of resources

27. Explain pollution prevention and give examples of how to prevent pollution.
Avoid polluting

28. When were the first laws passed to decrease water pollution?

29. Clean Water Act/Safe Drinking Water Act/Clean Air Act
Clean Water- reduced water pollution
Safe drinking water- protected our drinking water
Clean air- reduced the amount of pollution in our air

30. Resource Conservational and Recovery Act
Decreased unsafe dumping

31. Comprehensive Environment Response, Compensation and Liability Act
Requires the clean up of hazardous waste sites

32. Know the 6 pollutants that are known to cause health problems
Ozone, carbon monoxide, lead, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, fine particles

33. What is compost?
Decomposed organic matter natural fertilizer

34. Explain recycling. Be able to identify examples of recycling.
Reusing items

35. What is a landfill?
Area in which waste is dumped has a plastic or clay liner that prevents waste from seeping into ground