3.  Test Friday  Guided Notes: How Electricity is Made  10 Review Q’s

4.  A generator is a machine that converts movement into electricity.  It works by spinning a coil of wire between two magnets.

6.  Renewable Resources  Something that can be replenished in a human lifetime  Non-Renewable Resources  Something that either takes a really long time to replenish or cannot be replaced at all

7.  Most common way to power electric generators is the burning of fossil fuels.  Fossil fuels include:  Coal  Oil  Natural Gas  Non-renewable

8.  Plants or animals die and are buried  Over millions of years, the bodies decompose (rot) to transform into fuel.  The type of fuel formed depends on the amount of heat and pressure

10.  Coal is burned to boil water.  Boiling water releases steam.  Rising steam spins a turbine (giant fan) connected to a generator.

13.  Advantage: Coal power is cheap and plentiful  Disadvantage: Burning coal releases Carbon Dioxide (a greenhouse gas) and harmful pollution

14.  Instead of burning coal, the heat for boiling water comes from the fission (splitting) of atoms  Non-renewable

15.  Advantages: Nuclear power does not release smoke or carbon dioxide gas, It is the cheapest of all “alternative” energies  Disadvantages: Nuclear radiation is very dangerous if it escapes (causes cancer, etc.)

16.  Steam for spinning a turbine is provided by naturally occurring heat underground.  Renewable

17.  Advantages: Geothermal does not cause much harm to the environment  Disadvantage: Geothermal power is only possible in areas that have heat near surface

18.  Instead of using steam, a turbine is spun by the flow of falling water.  Renewable

19.  Advantages: Hydroelectric dams do not cause air pollution, they are cheap to operate  Disadvantages: Dams cost a lot of money to build, Dams are only possible in mountainous areas with large rivers.

20.  Instead of using steam, a turbine is spun by the flow of wind.  Renewable

21.  Advantages: Wind power doesn’t add air pollution  Disadvantages: Windmills are fairly expensive and are only usable in places with steady wind.

22.  Solar cells do not work by spinning a generator.  Sunlight is converted directly into electricity by the photoelectric effect.  Renewable

23.  Advantages: Solar power has a small effect on the environment  Disadvantages: Solar panels are expensive, Solar panels are only effective in places sunny all year.

24.  10 review questions