1. ICT Infrastructures and Climate Change Chaesub Lee Chairman of ITU-T SG 13 (ETRI, Korea)

2. ICTs and Climate Change ICTs are part of using Energy (generation and consumption) impact to Climate Change 2~2.5 % ICTs impact on using Energy (Delivery & consumption control) The use of ICT is predicted to reduce total global GHGs by 15% by 2020... and grow to 40% by 2050 Source: GeSi & EC. Europa

3. Important to build Green ICT ICT is part of the problem ICT is a necessary part of the solution Green of ICT Green by ICT

4. Green of ICT vs Green by ICT Green of ICT (2%) Green by ICT (98%) Source : Gartner 2007 845 million TCO 2 reduction effect 4.89 billion TCO 2 reduction effect Global CO 2 Emissions o Green of ICT influences only 2% of global CO2 emission, while Green by ICT covers the other 98% o Green of ICT can reduce 845 million TCO2 worldwide, while Green by ICT can lead to 4.89billion TCO2 reduction globally o Green by ICT is approximately 5 times more effective than Green of ICT in terms of CO2 reduction

5. ICTs in terms of CC impacts * Ref: ITU-T FG on ICT&CC Deliverable 3 Methodology

6. Energy consumption trends of Network (ref. Internet) Internet traffic is increasing exponentially New network services: Tele-working, High Definition Video etc Network power consumption will increase by 13 times (from 2006 2025), although ICT average will increase by 5 times Energy saving in Network should be a important issue * Ref: FGFN-C25 Energy Saving Network Technologies, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009

7. Examples of energy saving points in Network Operation Energy saving by GPON * Ref: ITU-T FG on ICT&CC Deliverable 4 Direct and Indirect Impact of ITU-T Standards * Ref: FGFN-C25 Energy Saving Network Technologies, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009 Energy saving points of Router Energy consumption of one router: 7.1 kW x 24 hours x 365 days = 62,600kWh

8. Potential contribution of NGN(1/3) o Unified network architecture Network convergence involves a migration from multiple separate networks to a unique IP based network and requires a centralization of applications and services control the evolution to a unified network could allow telecom operators to share network equipment and management functions

9. Potential contribution of NGN(2/3) o advantages of centralization of NGN Dissemination of smart terminals that are less energy and material intensive. Reducing manufacturing complexity and electronic waste: cables, installation space, etc Offering the possibility to share central, powerful, up-to- date computing resources in data centres Reducing the energy consumption of server farms. Increasing efficiency (eco-efficiency) by requiring fewer premises An NGN architecture can greatly reduces the number of centres required An NGN architecture can eliminate the need for a close geographic link between the switching and data centre and users

10. Potential contribution of NGN(3/3) o Making use of Multiple Power Modes in NGNs related technology Full Power Mode Low Power Mode Stand by Hibernation o Elements in NGNs architecture where power consumption could be measured include Transmission systems Switching centres Data centres

11. Key Features of Horizontal Network configuration * Ref: FGFN-C25 Energy Saving Network Technologies, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009

12. Example from BT: NGN impact overall network operation Resulting by More Broad bandwidth Extend Reachability Support Convergence Service vs. Transport Integrated Management Others NGNNGN 30 ~ 40% Reduction of Sites

13. Energy considerations aspects of Network Planning aspects: for example Over-provisioning vs. Planned- provisioning and others Operation aspects: for example Always on vs. Stand by and Best effort vs. Managed and others Service aspects: Single media vs. Multimedia, Single service vs. Binding between services or Convergence between different service environments System aspects: Data storages, OAM&P systems, Router, Switch, Transmission systems, Duct operation, Emergency Power Feeding and others Office operation aspects: Number of Offices and people within offices, Office operation related systems (e.g. lights, ventilation, cooling, Heating and others) Others impact Requirements (Operation, Planning and Functions) Capabilities for services and OAM&P (including QoS, Security and Mobility etc.) Functions and features allocation into functions Protocols (for example to support Stand by mode) System design and specification including power feeding conditions others

14. Example of candidate trials: ECO Networking Technology * Ref: FGFN-C25 Energy Saving Network Technologies, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009 ECO Routing Aggregate traffic into energy- saving path Implement sleep mode for routers where possible ECO Switching Forward packets on timeslot basis with time scheduling Buffer-less forwarding without packet loss No routing table necessary * ECO: Energy Cost saving Overlay

15. ICTs had mainly involved in limited industries such as Telecom, computing etc. But ICTs are now becoming essential parts of life Furthermore ICTs is being important parts of social, national and international infrastructures Expansion roles of ICTs ICTs are rather environment friend than other industrial technologies but also have contribution to environment change ICTs are being widely used whole processes of protecting environment Several ICTs technologies are used at the field of environment Roles of ICTs in Protecting Environments NGN is a common infrastructure for enabling ICTs and other industries using ICTs NGN provides benefits to mitigate GHG by itself including support various capabilities for protection of environments Position of NGN in Protecting Environments Conclusion