1. Principles of Design

2. Individuality Design is all about Individuality!
No one will ever have the same design concept for one plan.
Your own ideas and feelings go into your design.
Creativity is key.
But remember, the homeowner is the boss! If they don’t like it you might have to change it.

3. Principles of Art & Design
Serve as structures and guidelines for design development.
The principles of Design manipulate, influence, and control the principles of Art.

4. Principles of Art
Line
Form
Texture
Color

5. Line Causes physical and/or visual movement.
Leads the eyes through the landscaped space.
Defines space.
Lines are used in all aspects of the landscape.
Steer physical or visual movement directly through the environment.

6. Construct Lines… By using contrasting plant materials
By forming patterns with similar plant materials
Examples – Ground patterns, Edges of contrasting plant materials, and Tree tops meeting the sky

7. Lines cont’d Straight lines – formality or a contemporary concept
Intersecting lines – hesitation, change of view or direction, or a pause
Curved lines – relaxed, slower movement; casual & informal concept

8. Straight Lines

9. Curved Lines

10. Form 2 or 3 – Dimensional shape and structure of an object or space.
Form is Line surrounding Space.
Air space created by two plant materials set side by side is also an expression of form.
Trees are good examples of form.

11. Common Forms
Round
Conical
Oval
Weeping
Horizontal
Upright

13. Forms cont’d Tailored plants and shrubs = formal design
Irregular or natural forms = informal design

14. Texture
Surface quality of any plant material or structure in the landscape.
Texture is relative.
Comparison is how we determine texture in a landscape.
One plant might be fine in certain surroundings but in others course.
Examples – Smooth, Rough, Shiny, or Dull.

16. Texture cont’d Fine texture = eyes move easy
Course texture = focus eyes

17. Color Light is the source of color Color is visible wavelengths
White is all light
Black is the absence of light
The color you see is the reflected wavelength

18. Color Color Wheel Primary colors Secondary colors Tertiary colors
Red, yellow, blue
Secondary colors
Primary + Primary
Violet, green, orange
Tertiary colors
Primary + Secondary
Name begins with Primary
Red-orange, yellow-green
YELLOW
RED
BLUE

19. Color cont’d Hue – pure color
Tint (pastel) – add white & decrease the value
Tone – add gray
Shade – add black
Warm colors – yellow, red, orange = excitement
Cool colors – blue and green = calm

20. Principles of Design
The selection is based on the principles of art or design. The principles of design referred to in the book include:
Repetition
Variety
Balance
Emphasis
Sequence
Scale.

21. Repetition
Repeating or using an element more than once throughout a design.
Provides a common feature throughout the design that pulls the design together.
Use the same plant in a couple of different places

22. Variety
This is where you provide variety in the design by selecting some plants with different qualities of line, form, texture, or color from the mass of plants
In other words don’t use the same plant over and over again

23. Balance This is where the design is classified as formal or informal.
Formal is where the design is symmetrical and has the same plantings on each side of the view
Informal designs are said to be asymmetrical and have different plants and different sizes of plants on each side of the view

24. Balance
Symmetrical

25. Balance
Asymmetrical

26. Emphasis
It indicates dominance of some elements of the design over others.

27. Sequence
is the uniformity of change from one item in the landscape to the next. Changes of at least one quality of form, texture, or color form one area of the planting to anther gives transition
The apparent flow of lines, textures, and colors that express a feeling of motion rather than confusion.

28. Scale
is the proportion of one object to another. It also means the relationship of an object with a designated standard such as a building or a person

29. Out – of – scale

30. In – scale

31. Landscaping Design What is Landscape Design?
It is the practice of creating a plan to make the best use of available space in the most attractive way Relationships between the land , buildings, plants, and people are considered

32. Landscaping Design
Professional Designers have two main purposes in mind when designing landscapes plans for the home or a building:
1st show off the home and building to its best advantage
2nd Create both an attractive and useful setting for the inhabitants

33. Landscaping Design What is a landscape Architect?
They are trained in engineering , graphic arts, and architectural technology. They are skilled in designing functional plans based on the interrelationships of people and their surroundings

34. Landscaping Design What is a landscape Designer?
They are trained in the art of design and the science of growing the horticultural plants. They work primarily with residential home designs and small commercial sites

35. Landscaping Design A landscape Designer will have the following:
Knowledge of plant ID
Cultural Requirments of plants
Construction practices
Principals of Design
They will work at local nurseries , garden centers, and landscaping companies.