1. 2 nd Qtr. EQT Review

2. ___________ is the breaking down of rock due to chemical and physical reactions.

3. Weathering

4. _______ is the process by which wind, water, ice, and gravity transport materials from one location to another.

5. erosion

6. _______ is the process of completely clearing the land of trees.

7. deforestation

8. Classify these actions as destructive or constructive: 1. strip mining 2. mountain building 3. deforestation

9. 1. Destructive 2. Constructive 3. Destructive

10. A _______ force is responsible for creating landforms.

11. constructive

12. A ________ force is responsible for changing or destroying landforms

13. Destructive

14. _______ are explosive volcanoes made entirely of pyroclastic materials, they have narrow bases and steep slopes.

15. Cinder cone

16. _______ are nonexplosive volcanoes made from repeated layers of runny lava; they have broad bases and gently sloping sides.

17. Shield volcano

18. Where do volcanoes usually form?

19. Along tectonic plate boundaries

20. _________ also stratovolcanoes; are the most common type that forms from explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material followed by quieter flows of lava.

21. Composite volcanoes

22. 1. ______ is the name of molten rock within the earth. 2. _______ is the name of molten rock above the surface of the earth.

23. 1. Magma 2. Lava

24. __________ eruption result in clouds of hot debris, ash, and hot gases being hot from a volcano.

25. Explosive

26. _______ very common eruption that produces relatively calm flows of lava

27. nonexplosive

28. Name the type of volcano pictured

29. Cinder cone

30. Name the type of volcano pictured

31. Composite volcano (stratovolcano)

32. Name the type of volcano pictured

33. Shield volcano

34. A type of rock that is formed from cooling magma

35. igneous

36. A type of rock that forms under high pressure and high temperature but is not exposed to enough heat to melt it.

37. metamorphic

38. A type of rock that is formed by compaction and cementation of sediments.

39. sedimentary

40. The process by which one rock changes into another.

41. Rock Cycle

42. Know this chart:

43. ________ is the point where an earthquake begins beneath the surface of the Earth.

44. focus

45. ______ is the point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus of the earthquake.

46. epicenter

47. How does the intensity of an earthquake change as the distance from the epicenter increases?

48. As the distance increases the intensity decreases.

49. Where do earthquakes and volcanoes most commonly occur?

50. Along tectonic plate boundaries

51. Name the fault that matches the boundary: 1. Transform – 2. Convergent – 3. Divergent –

52. 1. Strike-slip fault 2. Reverse fault 3. Normal fault

53. What type of rocks may contain fossils?

54. sedimentary

55. A type of fault that results when rocks are pushed together.

56. reverse

57. A type of fault that results when rocks are pulled apart.

58. normal

59. A type of fault that forms when rocks break and slip past each other.

60. Strike-slip

61. A surface along which rock layers break and move past one another.

62. fault

63. The last seismic waves to arrive and are the most destructive.

64. Surface waves

65. The fastest seismic waves… travel through liquids and solids,

66. P-waves

67. Created by side-to-side motion… slower than P-waves, but more destructive

68. S-waves

69. The scale used to measure the manitude (strength/damage) of an earthquake.

70. Richter Scale

71. The scale used to measure the intensity of an earthquake – how it feels to people

72. Mercalli scale

73. The theory that states that continents once fit together like a puzzle…

74. Continental drift

75. What part of the Earth is liquid but is forced to act like a solid due to intense heat and pressure.

76. mantle

77. On what part do the tectonic plates move?

78. asthenosphere

79. What type of boundary results from the collision of two tectonic plates?

80. Convergent boundary

81. Where would you find a subduction zone- what plate boundary?

82. convergent

83. What layer of the Earth makes up the tectonic plates?

84. lithosphere

85. What type of boundary is formed when two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally?

86. Transform boundary

87. What type of boundary is formed when two tectonic plates pull away from one another?

88. Divergent boundary

89. What was the name of the theoretical ancient supercontinent that contained all of the continents of Earth?

90. Pangaea

91. What type of boundary would be found where sea-floor spreading occurs?

92. Divergent boundary

93. When two underwater lithospheric plates collide and one gets pulled down into the asthenosphere, wat type of zone is created?

94. Subduction zone

95. What type of rock forms at W? X? Y? Z?

96. W= metamorphic X = magma Y = sedimentary Z = igneous

97. What letter identifies the focus?

98. Z

99. Name each type of fault

100. X = transform Y = normal Z = reverse

101. What theory would support why fossils of the same type would be found on different continents?

102. Continental drift

103. What happens at a transform boundary?

104. Tectonic plates slide past one another horizontally.

105. How are earthquakes classified?

106. Strength and Depth

107. What type of mountain is formed when rocks are under tension?

108. Fault block mountain

109. What is the name of the scale used to describe the hardness of a mineral?

110. Moh’s Scale of Hardness

111. If you can see through a mineral it has the special property of _______. Calcite is an example…

112. Optics

113. A mineral that attracts iron has the special property of ________. A mineral that glows under a black light has the property of ____________.

114. 1. Magnetism 2. Fluorescence

115. A mineral that “fizzes” when acid is dropped on it has the special property of ______.

116. Chemical Reaction

117. _________ is the tendency of some minerals to break along a smooth, flat surface.

118. Cleavage

119. ________ is the tendency of some minerals to break unevenly along curved, irregular surfaces.

120. Fracture