Copyright, Creative Licensing to Expand Australia’s Public Domain Roger Clarke Xamax Consultancy Pty Ltd, Canberra Visiting Professor, Baker Cyberlaw Centre, UNSW Chair, AEShareNet Limited II/CCLic.html,.... EC/Bled04.html 11 May2004

Copyright, Open Source Software Licences are available under liberal terms The rationale is to enable cumulative fixing and enhancement, by exposing the source-code to the view of many people The ‘Free Software’ movement, since 1982 ‘free as in speech, not free as in beer’ Unix, Apache, Linux, OpenOffice, etc. The ‘Open Source Initiative’, since 1998

Copyright, Open Source Software – Licence Terms Ready Availability of: a licence executable code and source-code Licence Permissions to: run the executable reproduce both executable and source re-distribute both executable and source adapt the source distribute adapted executables and source distribute within larger software packages Licence Constraints to: ensure that redistribution is no less liberal prevent subversion of the objectives

Copyright, Open Content Content is available under liberal terms The rationale is to enable access Shared Learning-and-Teaching Materials The explosion in materials accessible on the Web Collectively authored resources, e.g. wikipedia The ‘Open Content’ movement The ‘Creative Commons’ movement

Copyright, Open Content Licensing Choices Ownership Exclusivity Sub-Licensing Integrity Protection Entirety Copyright Notice Reproduction Control Permission Use(s) / User(s) Republishing Control Permission Format(s)/Media Incorporation Protections Adaptation Control Permission Review Distinguishability Copyright Vesting Usage Territory Purposes Person-Types Fields of Endeavour Liability Management Warranties Indemnities Pricing One-Time Repetitive

Copyright, The Ideologies of Copyright and Copyleft

Copyright, Open Content Business Models Direct and Immediate Reciprocity in particular, ‘open but not gratis’, especially volume sales at low rates per access or copy Indirect and/or Deferred Reciprocity community-members give as well as take quality and security through feedback access to enhancements and extensions Revenue from Complementary Services network-building, search for network-effects viral marketing reputation-building and -enhancement

Copyright, Specific Open Content Initiatives N.S.W. Crown Copyright Licences (1995, 1996, 2001) bdbcc270ca256e4d007bbaee?OpenDocument AEShareNet U, P, S and C licences (1998, 2002) Creative Commons (U.S., 2002) Creative Commons (Aust., 2004) – QUT/Blakes AEShareNet FfE – Free for Education Licence (2004)

Copyright, Key References AEShareNet (2004) 'The FfE (Free for Education) Copyright Licence' AEShareNet Limited, 2004, at Barlow J.P. (1994) ' The Economy of Ideas ' Wired 2.03 (March 1994), at Cedergren M. (2003) ' Open Content and Value Creation ' First Monday 8, 8 (August 2003), at Clarke R. (2003) 'Copyright: The Spectrum of Content Licensing ' Xamax Consultancy Pty Ltd, July 2003, at Clarke R. (2004) ‘ Open Source Software and Open Content As Models for eBusiness ’ Proc. 17th Int’l eCommerce Conf., Bled, Slovenia, June 2004, at Creative Commons Australia, at