IB Business & Management Unit 2.1 Changing Work Patterns

Changing Employment Patterns and Practices Flexitime Part-time employment Portfolio Working Home working Teleworking Flexible Work Structures Ageing Population Employment sector Changes In Patterns

Employment Sectors Changing proportions of workers working in Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sectors.

Aging Population Falling birth rate Longer life expectancy Increase in retirement age Companies have to be more prepared to employ and train older workers

Flexible Work Structures In order to cut costs and improve efficiency, companies are trying to make their workforce more flexible This could involve: Flexible organisation structures Flexible working hours Temporary contracts Multi-skilling

Handy’s Shamrock Organisation Charles Handy proposed the concept. A Shamrock organisation will have: Core Staff – Full time Staff -Vital but becoming an increasingly smaller group Peripheral Workers – part-time, casual, temporary and portfolio workers Outsourced Workers – Workers not employed by the organisation but paid to complete specialist tasks

Teleworking and Homeworking Both are when workers are working outside of the workplace and communicating using electronic forms of communication Home-working specifically refers to when workers work from home What would the advantages and disadvantages be

Portfolio Working A portfolio worker is one who is employed by a variety of different businesses/customers simultaneously They will undertake projects for different companies They can charge per hour or per project This is known as Adhoc employment

Part time Employment An increasing number of workers work Part-time in developed economies Why do you think this is? Part-time staff in Europe have the same rights as full time staff Labour turnover tends to be higher – why? Some companies use Job-sharing

Flexi-time A movement away from the traditional work time of 9-5 An alternative to this is: Shift work – Some businesses work 24 hours per day Flexitime- Workers have a contracted number of hours and can work then when they wish to within certain parameters What are the benefits of this to the business?

Task Read the case study “Flexible working at Lloyds TSB’ Answer the questions