Why Equipment Simulators ?

Caterpillar Equipment Training MISSION Assist our customers in improving their return on investment from the use of Caterpillar products and services

Situation: –World equipment fleet not safely / effectively utilized –New equipment not used as designed –Equipment abused /accidents –Licensing and regulatory pressures building –Deepening skill vacuum: Exit bubble Entry shortage Consequence: –End-user ROI potential capped –Negative effect on perception of value –Loss - all parties –Conflicting, costly, confusing standards –Work delayed, not started, purchases delayed

User sees need, wants to change, but... - perceives costs of correction as too high - feels no regulatory “force majeur” - competitors have same problem Actual costs of correction are high: - equipment- time- production loss - effectiveness of training is low “There is no help!” Some users do not see need ( ! ) What’s the Reaction?

Traditional training programs targeted on some basic level of competency that may, or may not be defined in regulations, policies, etc. All too widely, these efforts are viewed as pure cost. The focus is not on proficiency and the surety that knowledge and skill underlie safety and profit. What’s at the core?

Traditional training programs targeted on proficiency Employment of tools and techniques from similar * industries:aircraft, shipping, heavy lifting, railroads, surgery, military vehicles *Definition of similar: high capital cost, high operating cost, critical nature of emergency techniques, high risk to human and equipment Technological advances have lowered costs of these tools, SIMULATORS, dramatically-10 years plus How is this to be addressed ?

Caterpillar Equipment Training Sim I

Increasingly employed on a commercial basis: Cranes, trains, ships, emergency vehicles Interest turning to earthmoving/mining equipment: Skill development efficiency Effective at all levels of skill development “Infinitely” flexible Consistent Risk free Systems integration Simulator Evolution

Candidate aptitude Perform all operations before put on truck Periodic booster –Reinforce new hands –Refresh/correct old –Rain, ice, snow Pits, hauls, night/day Systems, features Awareness Evaluation Basic training Production refresher –every 6 months –old & new hands –seasonal prep New mine situations New equipment Supervisor training Simulator Application

Simulator - Series I

Simulator Series II Air conditioning Air compressor Operator station on long axis - floor to ceiling view

Truck setup Shovel setup

Installing shovel module

Arctic package for Nuna Logistics

Print out an operator's detailed report, and log or "play back" the operator's session to evaluate performance Feedback

VIDEO

Most common benefit mentioned Increased equipment availability Most commonly observed errors: Improper service brake use Failure to use/don’t know how to use retarder Engine overspeed Failure to react correctly to emergencies Do not react to/know levels of warning Wide variety of traffic/safety violations Results?

Experience - I USADecember, operators 1 hour each Long history of brake problems ton truck fleet Not one operator used the retarder Mine management initiated complete retraining program for 2001 and 2002

Experience - II USA operators 2 1/2 hours each Service brake used incorrectly2028 times/12 hr Shift fwd while moving backwards 156 “ “ Shift reverse while moving forward 234 “ “ Service brake not engaged 936 “ “ when park brake released

Experience - III LabradorSeptember, operators I hour each 5761 faults recorded85% among 6 faults 66% in one fault - Service Brake used incorrectly Emergency tests 40% failed to extinguish fire Employee morale Initial concern, turned very positive - “high tech"

Experience - IV British ColumbiaOctober, operators 3 hours each Program any road condition, truck problem without risk Common criteria for evaluation Neutral “instructor” - the computer Objective basis for comparison and seeing improvement

40 trucks160 operators20% turnover 32 new operators per 20 hrs each640 hrs 128 experienced operators at 4 hours each op 2 hrs each128 Total hours 1280 hrs Sim interest and depreciation$50,000/yr Sim operating expense 10,000 $30/h 38,700 Total annual expense $98,700 Cost per hour $77 Simulator Training Cost Strawman

20 trucks60 operators20% turnover 12 new operators per 20 hrs each240 hrs 48 experienced operators at 4 hours each op 2 hrs each 48 Total hours 480 hrs Sim interest and depreciation$50,000/yr Sim operating expense 5,000 $30/hr $14,400 Total annual expense $69,400 Cost per hour $147 Simulator Training Cost Strawman

Candidate aptitude Perform all operations before put on truck Periodic booster –Reinforce new hands –Refresh/correct old –Rain, ice, snow Pits, hauls, night/day Systems, features Awareness Evaluation Basic training Production refresher –every 6 months –old & new hands –seasonal prep New mine situations New equipment Supervisor training Simulator Application

Integrated Training Program EvaluationCurrent and candidates Foundation skillsProficiency, emergency Re-qualificationAfter an incident “Check ride”Semi-annual New conditionsLayout, equipment, seasonal Effective program requires use of simulator and actual equipment - simulator not a “silver bullet”

What Can Proper Operator and Supervisor Training Deliver? Increased Production Lower Repair Costs Longer Power Train Life Fewer Sudden Death Tire Failures Reduction in Injury Rates Fewer Safety Citations Lower Employee Turnover Reduced Downtime Increased GET Life Reduction in Structural Failures Longer Tire Life Higher Resale Value Reduced Insurance Costs Improved Employee Morale Greater Safety & Profit

Caterpillar Equipment Training Get the most out of your investment