Classical Genetics

Breaking Down the Definitions 1.Genetics 2.Heredity 3.Trait 4.P generation 5.Dominant 6.Recessive 7.Law of segregation 8.Law of independent assortment 9.Molecular genetics 10.Allele 11.Genotype 12.Phenotype 13.Homozygous 14.Heterozygous 15.Probability 16.Punnett square 17.Incomplete dominance 18.Codominance

Genetics—What do you Already Know? Write. Share with your table. Write some more.

Gregor Mendel and his Peas

Mendel’s Results and Conclusions DOMINANT means a trait that covers up or dominates another trait RECESSIVE means a trait that does not appear but his hidden by the dominant trait LAW OF SEGREGATION states that a pairs of traits is segregated (separated) during the formation of gametes LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT states that factors separate independently of one another during gamete formation (ie the flower color and seed color are completely separate…one may be dominant and the other recessive)

Mendel to Molecular Genetics Mendel’s findings led to modern day MOLECULAR GENETICS On a chromosome there are GENES which occur in pairs. Mendel’s factors are now called ALLELES, which are each of the genes in a pair. Letters represent alleles, capitalized for dominant traits, lowercase for recessive traits.

Genetics Review Quiz #1

Genotype An organism’s genetic makeup is its GENOTYPE. GENOTYPE = 2 alleles that are inherited from the parents White-Flowering Pea Plant’s genotype is pp Purple-Flowering Pea Plant’s genotype is PP or Pp

Phenotype An organism’s appearance is its PHENOTYPE The phenotype for a PP or Pp plant is PURPLE FLOWERS. The phenotype for a pp plant is WHITE FLOWERS

Genetics Review Quiz #2

Alleles HOMOZYGOUS happens when both alleles of a pair are alike, pp or PP HETEROZYGOUS happens when the alleles of a pair are different, Pp. PROBABILITY is the likelihood that a specific event will occur. Probability- Number of times of an event is expected to happen/ Number of times an event could happen Mendel’s yellow seed color appeared 6022 times, the recessive green appeared 2001 times. Probability of the dominant trait– 6022/8023=.75 or 75%

Probability What is the probability of flipping a coin and getting heads?? Probability Penny Lab

Punnett Squares A cross in which only one characteristic is tracked is called a MONOHYBRID CROSS Biologists use a PUNNETT SQUARE to predict the traits of the offspring.

Monohybrid Crosses

Bikini Bottom Genetics Part 1

Monsters!

Incomplete Dominance Sometimes an organism will have a phenotype in between that of the parents, this is called INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE.

Are you a Tongue Roller? Scenario: Both Parents are tongue rollers, 3 kids are tongue rollers, 1 kid is not. What are the genotypes of the parents? Of the kids?

More Practice!

Investigating Inherited Traits Lab

Dihybrid Crosses A DIHYBRID CROSS is a cross in which 2 characteristics are tracked. For example to track and predict the traits of both seed texture and seed color.

Dihybrid Cross Scenario: A female Labrador retriever has a litter of puppies. 9 are black with black noses. 3 are black with pink noses, 3 are white with black noses, and one is white with a pink nose. Write down the genotype for each puppy! What might the genotypes for the mom and dad be??

Spongebob Dihybrid Crosses!

Make a Baby Lab!