Human Body Systems

Integumentary System Functions: –protects the body against pathogens – helps regulate body temperature Major Organs: skin, hair, nails, sweat glands Helps to maintain homeostasis

Circulatory/Cardiovascular System Functions: –Transports nutrients, wastes, and chemicals to and from all cells Major organs: heart, arteries & veins, blood Transports O 2 for and CO 2 from cellular respiration – for energy

Respiratory System Functions: –gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) are exchanged with blood Major organs: air passages, lungs, nose & mouth O 2 and CO 2 enter and exit blood cells by diffusion

Lymphatic & Immune Systems Functions: –provides protection against infection and disease Major organs: lymph nodes and blood vessels, white blood cells White Blood Cells engulf bacteria by endocytosis

Digestive System Functions: –Digests food –absorbs nutrients –eliminates waste Major organs: mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, small & large intestines Food is broken down into nutrients and sugars for cells – absorbed through cell membrane

Excretory & Urinary Systems Functions: –eliminates solid and liquid wastes –maintains water and chemical balance Major organs: kidneys, bladder, urethra, skin, lungs Wastes result from digestion and homeostasis

Nervous System Functions: –Communicates electrical messages –Controls other body systems –Coordinates senses –Maintains homeostasis Major organs: brain, spinal cord, nerves, sense organs, receptors Fast communication, brain controls rest of body

Endocrine System Functions: –maintains homeostasis –regulates metabolism –controls sexual development, and reproduction Major organs: Hormones and glands (adrenal, thyroid, pancreas, and pituitary) Hormones are proteins – chemical messenger carried by the blood

Reproductive System Functions: –produces gametes –Allows for development of fetus after fertilization Major organs: ovaries, uterus Gametes formed by meiosis

Skeletal & Muscular Systems Functions: –Structure, support and protection –movement Major organs: bones, ligaments, muscles and tendons Muscle cells have LOTS of mitochondria

Transportation in Plants Plants use vascular tissue –Vascular tissue is “transport tissue” –Your veins and arteries are also vascular tissue 2 types –Xylem moves water –Phloem moves food (sugars)