The Nature of Energy Bill Nye – Energy (8:52)

Energy Energy is the ability to cause change or make things move. – 2 types: Potential Energy – stored energy – Based on position, the higher an object the more potential energy it has. Kinetic Energy – energy of motion – Based on mass and velocity with velocity having the greatest affect on an object’s kinetic energy. – Kinetic energy can NEVER be greater than potential energy!

Energy Resources Any substance, organism, or energy form that living things use are called natural resource. – Trees make lumber – Fossil fuels make oil and gas – Wind, water and sun make electricity. 2 Resource Types: – Renewable Resources – Nonrenewable resources

Renewable vs. Nonrenewable Renewable Resources - A natural resource that can be used and replaced over a relatively short period of time. – Trees, water, wind, sun. Nonrenewable Resources – Natural resources that cannot be replaced quickly or at all. – There is a limited amount that humans can use and once gone they are gone forever. Oil, natural gas, coal

Fossil Fuels Fossil fuels are nonrenewable energy resources that form in the Earth’s crust over millions of years. – Form from the buried remains of once-living organisms. Liquid fossil fuels = petroleum – Gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel and fuel oil. Gas fossil fuels = natural gas – Mostly used for heat and generating electrical energy. Solid fossil fuels = coal – Formed from buried, decomposed plant material. – Once the leading source of energy in the United States.

Forms of Energy - Bill Nye (6:07)Bill Nye Energy comes in different forms and from different sources.

Forms of Energy 1.Mechanical Energy – the energy associated with the motion or position of an object – Can occur as potential or kinetic energy. Sound, Movement, Motion 2.Thermal Energy – the total energy of the particles in a substance or material. – Heating a substance increases particle movement. – Cooling a substance decreases particle movement. 3.Chemical Energy – energy stored in bonds between atoms – Breaking the bonds releases the potential energy.

Forms of Energy 4.Electrical Energy – energy produced by moving electric charges. 5.Electromagnetic Energy – energy that travels in waves. – Can have both electric properties and magnetic properties. Visible light, ultraviolet radiation, microwaves. 6.Nuclear Energy – energy stored in the nucleus of an atom and released during nuclear reactions. – Nuclear fission – when a nucleus splits Nuclear power plants – Nuclear fusion – when nuclei fuse or join sun

Energy Conversion A change from one form of energy to another – Energy Conversion – Most energy forms can be converted into other forms. Law of Conservation of Energy – when one form of energy is converted to another, no energy is destroyed in the processes. – Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Energy Conversions – Bill NyeBill Nye NuclearChemicalElectricalThermal ChemicalMechanicalChemicalMechanical