CSC 116 Computer Hardware CSUDH Fall 2015 Instructor: Robert Spengler

Transport Layer Transmission Control Protocol Reliable and connection-oriented User Datagram Protocol Unreliable and connectionless Both work with segments, use source and destination ports, and use checksums

Chap 9: More on IP Address Can be STATIC (always the same) or DYNAMIC (changed each time it connects to the network) Frequently assigned by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

Chapter 1: First Looks

Chapter 1: HDMI carries audio and video

Chap 1: Motherboard Form Factors “Form factor” affects  Shape and size of motherboard  Shape and size of case  Screw holes in the case  Type of power supply Most common: ATX. Second place: MicroATX

Chap 1: Hard Drives

Chap 2: Working Inside a Computer IMPORTANT SAFETY TIPS Always power down and unplug a computer before working on it. Handle boards and cards by the edges. Never open a power supply or a monitor.

Chap 2: Other Heat Sinks Source:Quietpc.com

Chap 2: Heat Sink with a Fan Source: wikipedia.com

Chap 2: Cooling not just for CPUs

Chap 2: Power Usage

Chap 2: Power Supplies Source: tigerdirect.com

Chap 2: Power Supplies Probably 650 Watts

Chap 3: A motherboard Source: wikipedia.com

Chap 3: Configuring a Motherboard The BIOS is the first thing that runs when a computer is turned on. It initializes, tests, and/or configures hardware components. Access the BIOS by pressing a special key during boot. Usually it is F2, F10, Del or Esc.

Chap 4: Processors Mainly manufactured by Intel and AMD Important features of Processors: Processor Speed (a.k.a. (900MHz, 3.2 GHz) Multiprocessing Capabilities HyperThreading (Intel) and HyperTransport Multiple Cores on one chip Socket and Chipset (PGA 988, AM3+) Architecture (32-bit or 64-bit)

Chap 5: Hard Drives

Chap 5: Magnetic HD

Chap 5: SSD

Chap 5: Tape Backups Can hold tons of data and are very inexpensive! Can be very slow 6 TB for $30

Chap 5: Hard Drive Interfaces 2.5'' (for laptops usually) 3.5'' PATA (older) 3.5'' SATA(newer)

Chap 5: SATA

Chap 5: RAID Not RAID - Spanning or JBOD RAID 0 – Striping RAID 1 – Mirroring RAID 5 – Striping with parity (3 Disks minimum) RAID takes special hardware or software. Windows has RAID support in software, but it would be better to use RAID hardware.

Chap 6: Device Manager

Chap 6: Device/Task Manager To access Task Manager: Press Ctrl+Shift+Esc Or Press Ctrl+Alt+Del and select Open Task Manager

Installing I/O peripherals Most common devices: just plug it in  Things like mouse, keyboard, USB drives  Windows can usually automatically install drivers Some things should be installed while PC is off  Internal hard drives, CD/DVD/Blu-Ray drives USB is hot-swappable  Usually works without installing any additional drivers In Windows, where would you check for problems?

Monitor Types: CRT and LCD

Important Monitor Properties Refresh rate – how quickly the monitor can update the on-screen image Native Resolution – Number of pixels built in to an LCD monitor Brightness – Measured in lumens Connectors – VGA, DVI, DisplayPort, HDMI

Native Res vs non-Native Res

When Windows crashes... It shows the BLUE SCREEN OF DEATH Displays simple error message and some diagnostic information

Chap 8: Blue Screen Of Death (old)

Chap 8: Blue Screen Of Death (Win 7)

Win 8 Smiley BSOD

Chap 8: Electrical problems Check the simple stuff first!  Is it plugged in? Is the cable connected? Is it switched on? Is the power strip switched on? Is the electrical outlet working? Check if internals are seated correctly  Cards can be poorly connected, cables can be unplugged

Chap 8: Some troubleshooting steps Trade known-good for suspected bad  Or vice-versa Divide and conquer  Close unrelated programs  Remove unrelated hardware If the computer starts up but later dies on its own, it may be a bad/inadequate power supply  Do not open up the power supply. Just replace the whole thing.

Chap 8: Overheating If the computer frequently freezes or crashes at different times, it may be overheating  Clean the system  Check if fans are working  Make sure vents are not blocked  Organize system internals

Chap 8: Keep it clean

Chap 8: Air in a can

Chap 8: Troubleshooting Monitors Check the cables Check if the power light turns on Check the contrast/brightness Check the “INPUT” setting Check the video card