Unit - 4 Training & Development

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Contents Definition Need / Importance Objectives Training Methods Evaluation of Training Program Concept of MDPs Methods of MDPs Evaluation of MDPs 1

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Definitions of Training Edwin Flippo, “the purpose of training is to achieve a change in the behaviour of those trained and to enable them to do their jobs better” –Knowledge –Skills –Attitude 2

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Importance of Training The reasons why training is important are — –Results in an increase in output / productivity –Leads to Job Satisfaction / Improved Morale –Trained workers need less supervision –Make the organisation competitive –Better cooperation and team-spirit –Lesser wastage of material and time –Reduces attrition 3

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Objectives of Training Benefits to Organisation –Higher Productivity –Better Organisational Climate –Lesser Supervision –Prevents Manpower Obsolescence –Economical Use of Material –Prevents Accidents –Improves Quality –Greater Loyalty to Organisation –Fulfill Future Personnel Needs 5

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Objectives of Training Benefits to Employees –Personal Growth –Development of New Skills –Higher Earning Capacity –Helps Cope with Changing Technology –Increases Safety 5

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Training Methods Broadly, the training and development methods can be classified into the following two categories: –On-the-job Methods –Off-the-job Methods

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB On-the-Job Methods Coaching: Training by immediate supervisor Job-Rotation: Move from job to job Special Assignments: Live projects

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Merits of OJT Real Cheaper & Less Time Consuming Increases Performance of Employee

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Demerits of OJT Disorganised Training Trainee is subjected to many distractions Low productivity

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Off-The-Job Training Lecture Method Conference Method Seminar Case Study Role-Playing Management Games

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Merits of Off The Job Training Focus in only on Training Use of specialised Trainers Curriculum is well structured & tested Standardisation

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Demerits of Off The Job Training Lack seriousness Too theoretical at times Lack of accountability

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Steps in Training Program Identifying training needs Preparing the Content Training the Trainer Testing the Training Module Implementing the Program Feedback & Modification

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Evaluation of Training Program Immediate Evaluation –Reactions of Participants on Completion of Training –Done with the help of a Feedback Form –Disclosure of names not mandatory –Analysis done with all the forms

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Evaluation of Training Program Training Utility –Has the training brought about the desired change in behaviour? –Has the training had a demonstrable effect on performance of the task? –Is there another method to achieve superior results? –Is the cost of training commensurate with the achievement in the performance of the job?

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Training Evaluation: Kirkpatric’s View Training should be measured by looking at 4 effects: –Reaction: TOM Response –Learning: Skill Enhancement –Behaviour: Change in the way of working –Results: Efficiency & Productivity

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Training Evaluation: Tracey’s View Training should be measured by the following methods: –Observation –Ratings by Qualified Raters –Trainee Surveys –Trainee Interviews

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Training Evaluation: Hamblin’s View Training should be measured at the following levels: –Level 1: Immediate Reaction Post Training –Level 2: Overall Learning –Level 3: Change in Behaviour of Trainees –Level 4: Results –Level 5: Overall Values such as Growth, Profits, Welfare

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Concept of Management Development Process of developing managers through –Development of attitudes –Honing of skills & abilities –Rich & diversified experiences To make them more efficient and effective To prepare them for organisational change To prepare them for the next level To prepare them for diversification

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Features Planned & Systematic Program Enhance Skills & Performance of Existing Managers Continuous Process Helps improve employee performance Must be driven by tangible goals & objectives Driven by Top Management Requires whole-hearted participation of the managers

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Objectives Improve Managerial Performance Develop more Managers Increase the Versatility of the Management Group Prepare people for Senior Positions Keep Managers Abreast with Changes Stimulate Creative Thinking

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Management Development Process Setting Parameters of Development Required Performance & Competency Actual Performance & Competency Gap to be Found out by Performance Review Deciding Methods for MDP Designing Content & Trainer Imparting Feedback

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Methods of MDPs Same as Training Methods explained earlier.

BBA Semester - IIIH.R.M & OB Evaluation of MDPs What do the trainees think about the Program? Whether there is improvement in quality / quantity of output? Cost-Benefit Analysis Are Managers motivated?