IB 362 Lecture 3 – Evolutionary and Ecological Principles.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Niche & Community Interactions

Advertisements

Ecology Interactions.

Objectives 4.2 Niches and Community Interactions

Relationships Among Organisms Biology EOCT Review.

Principles of Ecology Objectives: 1. Explain the difference between abiotic and biotic factors. 2. Describe the levels of biological organization 3.

Levels of Organization & Relationships (2.1)

Ecology Study of organisms and their interaction with each other and the environment.

Population – group of individuals of the same species living in the same area, potentially interacting Community – group of populations of different species.

Levels of Organization & Relationships (2.1)

Ch.21 Populations & Communities Section 3: Interactions Among Living Things.

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES. BIOSPHERE Combined portions of Earth in which all living things exist.

4-2: What Shapes an Ecosystem? Biology 1. Ecology tell you where an organism lives Ecology also tells you about the climate What shapes the ecosystem.

Biodiversity The diversity of plant and animal life in a particular habitat (or in the world as a whole).

Ecology Vocabulary Review Get out vocab sheet. Ecology: The study of how living things interact with nature.

PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGY Chapter 2. Organisms & Their Environment Ch. 2, Sec. 1.

Ecology. Study of the Interactions between Organisms and the Nonliving Components of their Environment Each organism Depends in some way on other living.

AutotrophHeterotroph. Food Web Energy Flow Energy Pyramids:

Ecosystems & Populations Chapters 4 & 5. Levels of Organization in Ecology Ecologists study individual organisms, but this only provides part of the story.

Population – group of individuals of the same species living in the same area, potentially interacting Community – group of populations of different species.

Competition – two species share a requirement for a limited resource  reduces fitness of one or both species.

Community Interactions Unit 6: Ecology. Niche Full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives The way in which the organism.

Chapter 18 Interactions of Living Things The study of the interactions between organisms and their environment Click for Term.

Lecture 8 Organisms and Their Relationships Ozgur Unal 1.

Interactions of Living things

PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGY Chapter 2.

Interactions Within Ecosystems. Populations Made up of a group of organisms of the same species that live together in one place at one time and interbreed.

SYMBIOSIS NOTES. Relationships among organisms in a community: Predation  One population (predator) captures and feeds upon another population (prey)

LO’s - the meaning of ecology, population symbiotic relationships - can explain population demographics and ways in which population sizes are regulated.

Interactions in Ecosystems

Ecology Class Notes 2. A. What is Ecology?  1. Ecology is the way organisms (living things) interact with their environments (surroundings).  2. The.

Ecology. Study of the Interactions between Organisms and the Nonliving Components of their Environment.

The Web of Life: Interactions among living organisms Populations Interactions in Communities.

Ecology Study of interactions between organisms and their environments.

Welcome to Class! 9-2 and 9-3 Complete the following:  Glue vocab 4 and create 3 column chart  Take out Homefun Assigned Vocabulary  Take out Lab Report.

1.3 Interactions among living things. Adapting to the environment – Natural selection – A process by which characteristics that make an individual better.

Lesson Overview Lesson Overview Niches and Community Interactions Objectives 4.2 Niches and Community Interactions - - Define niche. -Describe the role.

1. All the living and non-living things interacting is an ____________________. 2. The non-living parts of an ecosystem are ________ factors. 3. The living.

Chapter 37.1 – 37.6 COMMUNITY ECOLOGY. What you need to know! The community level of organization The role of competitive exclusion in interspecific competition.

Aim: What Shapes an Ecosystem? Hw: Answer Regents Questions on Handout.

Interactions Chapter 2 Section 2.

Principles of Ecology Objectives: 1. Explain the difference between abiotic and biotic factors. 2. Describe the levels of biological organization 3.

Common relationships among various species within natural communities.

Community Interactions

Population – group of individuals of the same species

Bell Ringer What types of community interactions among organisms help shape ecosystems?

Symbiosis – pg 101.

Levels of Organization & Relationships (2.1)

Ecological Interactions

Words to Know Ecosystem 10. population density 19. symbiosis

Population – group of individuals of the same species

PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGY Chapter 2.

PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGY Chapter 2.

Option C Advanced Ecology.

Ecological Relationships

Population – group of individuals of the same species

Population – group of individuals of the same species

Learning Objectives Identify the interactions that occur within communities.

IDENTIFY SYMBIOSIS, INCLUDING COMMENSALISM, MUTUALISM, AND PARASITISM

Everything is connected to everything else

PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGY Chapter 2.

Interactions among Organisms

Population – group of individuals of the same species

Community Ecology The study of interactions between species of organisms living in the same area. Characterized by species richness and relative abundance.

Species Interactions.

Species Interactions.

Ecosystems Vocabulary

Levels of Organization & Relationships (2.1)

Ecological Interactions

4.2-Niches & Community Interactions

Presentation transcript:

IB 362 Lecture 3 – Evolutionary and Ecological Principles

Charles Darwin About time of voyagesAbout time of Origin of Species

H. M. S. Beagle

Alfred Russel WallaceAlfred Russel Wallace

“Wallace’s Line”

Helped found the field of biogeography

Why are the organisms we see the way they are (structure, behavior, chemistry, etc.) Why do the organisms that we find living in a place live there, and not in other places? Why are some organisms more abundant than others in a given habitat? What determines which different organisms live together in the same community and which do not? Which is more important for determining the structure of communities: predation? competition? symbiosis?

Ecology – the study of interactions between organisms and their environment, and the effects of these interactions on the distribution and abundance or organisms. Can be studied at different hierarchical levels: Biosphere Ecosystem Community Population Individual

Evolution – heritable changes in organisms over time. Can be due to: Random drift in small populations Natural selection Immigration and emigration Mutations Molecular drive (not so relevant for our interests here!)

Kinds of species interactions Territoriality +/- or -/- Competition +/- or -/- Predation +/- Commensalism +/0 Mutualism +/+ Parasitism +/-

A couple of examples of more modern ecological and evolutionary studies Connell and Paine – Pacific intertidal communities Vermeij – impact of predation on morphology

Joseph Connell UC Santa Barbara Robert Paine University of Washington North Pacific intertidal communities

Sea anemoneDungeness crab Dog whelkBarnacles seaweeds “loco” snail zonation

Predation and defense

Grazing (herbivory)

Territoriality in sea anemones

Removal experiments Food webs

Geerat Vermeij, UC Davis The role of predation in shaping gastropod shell morphology