"Old Hickory" as President Jackson was the 1 st president 2 nd without a Last POTUS by 14

The Spoils System Democrats rose to power in the White House –Replaced most of the people in offices with their own people: the common man These people were often incompetent “ ”

Tariff Dispute –1 st  constitutional? –Supported by all regions – vigorously, but unsuccessfully opposed raising tariff Caused foreign countries to cut back on purchases of

The Tricky "Tariff of Abominations" (In 1824, Congress had increased the general tariff significantly) The Tariff of “ ” –It was hated by because it was an extremely high tariff and they felt it discriminated against them

The South Carolina Exposition The South Carolina Exposition, made by John C., was published in –It was an anonymous pamphlet that denounced the Tariff of 1828 as unjust and unconstitutional – doctrine: 1.Federal gov’t was created by a among the states to serve as their agent 2.State conventions have the power to declare laws of Congress 3.Laws so declared unconstitutional are * As a last resort, a state could terminate its compact with the other states and from the Union

Webster-Hayne Debate Hayne (SC) discussed nullification Webster (MA) responded –US gov’t  "made for the people, made by the people, and answerable to the people" Jefferson Day toasts: –“electrified the nation”  Thomas Hart Benton –Hayne: “The Union of the States, and the Sovereignty of the States.” –Jackson: “Our Federal Union! It must be preserved!” –Calhoun: “The Union, next to our liberty, most dear.”

"Nullies" in the South Tariff of –Slightly tariff compared to the Tariff of 1828 –It fell short of the South's (SC) demands SC passed the –The Tariff of 1828 and 1832 were unenforceable in SC –Threatened if attempts were made to collect Jackson responded that is “incompatible with the existence of the Union” –Asked Congress to pass a, empowering him to enforce the nation’s law in South Carolina by using army and navy introduced the Tariff of. –Called for the gradual reduction of the Tariff of 1832 The compromise ended the dispute over the Tariff of 1832 between SC and the White House *Calhoun resigned in 1832 as VP and was elected to the House

Politics of the Common Man  350,000 votes for POTUS  2,400,000 votes for POTUS New states had –No property or religious qualifications –IN (1816), IL (1818), MO (1821) Eastern states followed

Role of the POTUS Representative of the people and protector of the common man against abuses of power by the rich and privileged

Jackson’s Use of Federal Power * Ex  Maysville Road

The National Bank Debate Nicholas Biddle President Jackson Re-charter BUS Re-charter BUS HenryClay Veto My bank is awesome, like me! Let’s make this a campaign issue I have something for your “hydra of corruption” What did the American people think of Jackson’s action?

Election of 1832 Supporters of Jackson = Democrats Supporters of Clay = Whigs

The “Monster” Is Destroyed! The people have spoken, now to finish the job. Vetoed re-charter in 1832 Now decided to “kill” the national bank –Withdrew all federal funds and placed into state “_____________”

The Downfall of “Mother Bank”

The (1836) not paper banknotes not paper banknotes

Results of the Specie Circular $ Banknotes $ Land sales $ Credit $ Businesses $ Unemployment _________________! _________________!