12 years after the Civil War when former Confederate States were brought back to the United States. Civil War: Human Toll: North lost 364,000 soldiers South lost 260,000 soldies 1 out of 3 southern men killed or wounded Physical Toll:  9,000 miles of South’s railroad destroyed  Killed 1/3 of all livestock  Destroyed farmland, buildings and machinery.

1. How can we rebuild the South and bring them back into the Union? 2. How can we help freedmen?

 Birth Name: Frederick Bailey (changed his name after escaping from slavery in order to avoid capture)  Abolitionist writer and speaker  Fought for adoption of constitutional amendments that guaranteed equal voting rights  A powerful voice for human rights and civil liberties for all

 Urged Southerners to reconcile with Northerners at the end of the war and reunite as Americans when some wanted to continue to fight  Became president of Washington College (now Washington and Lee University)

 16 th President of the United States  Believed secession from the Union was illegal  His reconstruction plan called for reconciliation  Preservation of the Union was more important than punishing the South

 Lincoln was killed by John Wilkes Booth on April 14, 1865 at Ford’s Theater in Washington D.C.  5 Days after Robert E. Lee surrendered at Appomattox to end the Civil War  Andrew Johnson becomes president.