PARAGRAPHING

PARAGRAPHS Consist of 3 or more sentences based on the main topic (start a new paragraph when you change a topic) Avoid one-sentence paragraphs whenever possible Individual sentences within a paragraph should be connected using sequencing words ( e.g. firstly, then, finally ), reference words such as pronouns (e.g. which, where, that, ) or linking words ( e.g. therefore, however) Leave a line space to show where one paragraph ends and another begins

TOPIC SENTENCE It introduces or summarises the central idea of the paragraph The other sentences in the paragraph expand, explain or exemplify this main idea It is often the first sentence in a paragraph Topic sentence is linked to the other sentences in that paragraph with connectors or linking devices It should arouse the reader’s interest and make him/her want to read on

Paragraph structure  General statement (e.g. topic sentence – first sentence? )  Supporting sentences (expand, explain or exemplify this main idea)  Concluding sentence

RB, p. 77 Study the paragraph. Find the topic sentence and explain how the other sentences in this paragraph expand, explain or exemplify the main idea

RB p. 78 EXC. III Exc. IV Exc. V

Rb, p.79 Ex. VI (paragraph)  Tourism has become one of the world’s biggest industries. It accounts for 11% of global GDP and employs around 200m people. Estimates suggest that 590 m people travel abroad every year, sometimes several times….. However, in an increasingly dangerous world, especially with an ever present threat of terrorist attack, people may not be willing to travel as much as they used to. For example, after September 11, there are fewer Americans travelling, which has been disastrous for some global tourist economies. The travel industry usually recovers very quickly, but will this always be the case in the future?

SIGNALLING Illustrations/examples (for example, for instance, as an example...., to illustrate the point...(e.g.) Giving another argument/example (There are three reasons why...First,...Firstly..., Secondly... Thirdly,...Further, Furthermore, Moreover, Also...

Clarifying /In other words,...i.e.... Cause-effect relationship/reasons (as, because, because of, consequently, therefore, due to, owing to, thus, since Contrast (however, on the contrary, on the other hand, nevertheless, although, though (vs.)

Conclusion (Therefore, In conclusion, As a result, Finally, In summary, From this we see...) Special signals (Now this is important, Remember that, The important idea is, The basic concept here is...)

HW Paragraphing – practice One of the texts from the RB Explain in a few sentences ( one Paragraph ) what the text is about ( Pay attention to the structure of the paragraph )

Mind Mapping Study the ways how to make mind maps and take notes. Practice doing it!

Writing a Paragraph Study the video clips from YouTube on paragraphing: How to Write a Summary: