THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE APUSH Period 1 Lesson 2

Why did Europeans Travel? They wanted to trade with the East, but it was controlled by Italy. So Spain and Portugal tried other ways to get there.

How could Europeans Travel? Mariner’s Astrolabe Renaissance = Printing Press = Information Caravel Mariner’s Compass Competition between newly formed Spain and Portugal for exploration cred

Treaty of Tordesillas 1494 “Split control” of the world between Spain and Portugal. Spain gets most of the New World (except Brazil) Portugal gets Africa and…Brazil Spain Portugal

SPANISH CONQUISTADORS

Cortes and the Aztecs Cortes befriended the Tlaxcala (enemy of the Aztecs) Aztec leader, Montezuma, was killed Mexica were crushed in 1522

Pizarro and the Incas Incan Road System Atahualpa Pizarro

Results of Conquistadors for Spain, Europe, the World…. Early conquistadors sent vast stores of silver and gold back to Spain which flooded the European money supply, led to inflation, and probably led to the rise of capitalism (since there was a much larger and accessible money supply)

“What is Capitalism?” you ask? Capitalism is an ECONOMIC SYSTEM While it allows for the “free market” and a competition between privately held businesses at this time it is important because: It requires an investment of CAPITAL (money) into businesses to get them started. Europe never had this much capital before Would be seen in the new idea of JOINT STOCK COMPANIES

How were the Europeans Able to Dominate so Quickly? Horses Steel Guns Germs Document 1 on Indian population charts will help you see the rate of decline among the native populations

THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE

The Columbian Exchange The Columbian Exchange is the name given to the transfer of goods between the “New World” and the “Old World” Just in case you weren’t sure:

Columbian Exchange Activity The front of the room is the new world and the back of the room is the old world. That means the desks are the ocean…watch out for sharks. You and your team will get a pile of notecards. Your job is to place each notecard in the region that RECEIVED IT in the Columbian Exchange Grab some masking tape… Feel free to argue with other groups if you think they put the notecard in the wrong place DON’T LOOK AT THE READING FROM LAST NIGHT!

Columbian Exchange Discussion Let’s check the notecards… Which ones benefitted the “world” that received them, which ones hurt? BIG QUESTION: Which “world” benefitted the most from the Columbian Exchange? Why?

Reminder about Friday We are having a debate on Friday on: “Was Disease the Key Factor in the Depopulation of Native Americans?” You have been assigned a reading that either answers yes or no (and therefore you have been assigned a position) Please read the reading and take notes that include EVIDENCE to support your answer and to argue against the other side. If you could not write on your packet and then return it to me on Friday to use next year, I would really appreciate it! Debates are graded on the argumentation skills we are working on: Your ability to form a historical argument Your ability to use evidence to support your argument