Climate Variability and Weather Disasters —Awareness of the Changing Climate Ms. JIAO Meiyan Department of Forecasting Services and Disaster Mitigation China Meteorological Administration December, Geneva

Outline: I.Weather Disasters in China II.Climate Variability (in terms of temperature, precipitation) and the Impact III.Cases of Extreme Events

Typhoon Rananim in 2004 lasting 108 hours The Distribution of Meteorological Disasters in China Weather Disasters in China, in terms of Frequency, Variety and Severity.

Major Weather Disasters in China ( in Percentage) Drought Flooding TCs and HailOthers

The Losses by Meteorological Disasters Losses per year: 178 billion RMB Death per year: 4427 death Economic Losses in Portion of GDP: 1%-3%

The Warmest Climate Normal temp ℃ 12.1 ℃ Monthly Mean Temperature Variations in China annual mean temperature anomaly and that of the wintertime, both relative to the mean of The whole year Wintertime (DJF)

Trend of the cold surge occurrences during Decrease Increase

Annual hot days (Tmax>35 o C) in China during Days

Drought Frequency ( ) in China More than 70%

Acreage (!0 4 Hectare) Annual acreage of the crop suffered from the drought in China during Suffered from the drought and with the reduction of the crop production Influenced by the drought Impact on the Agriculture

Reduction (10 4 ton) Reduction in grain production in China due to the droughts

Annual mean Precip. (mm) ( ) Change (percentage) in annual mean Precip. During Trend of Precipitation Reduced by 60%

Trend of the heavy or extreme rainfall occurrence IPCC AR4, 2007 ＋： increase －： decrease

Trends in the heavy rainfall days in the mainland of China in recent 50 Yrs Increase significantly decrease significantly Increase decrease Trend of the heavy rainfall in China

Rainy days with R>50mm , ys: 2.2d 71-80ys: 2.1d 81-90ys: 2.4d 91-00ys: 3.1d

Annual Flooding Frequency ( ) More than 70%

Suffered from flooding with the reduction of crop Suffered from flooding Acreage (!0 4 Hectare) Annual acreage of the crop suffered from the flooding 年中国年农作物雨涝受灾及成灾面积历年变化

Major typhoon tracks for China

Number of TC landing in China during Number of strong TC (wind speed >32.7m/s) landing in China during

Economic loss caused by TCs in China during

An Extreme Rain Storm in Jinan, Capital of Shandong Provence Hourly Maximum Rainfall 151 mm Caused 37 Deaths Sudden Severe Weather Occurs Frequently Cases of Extreme Events

A heavy lightening event hit a school in the rural area and caused 7 children death and 43 people injured. Lightening Event Lightening Event Monitoring Children injured and Death by lightening every year

Drought Related Disasters Rain-making Actions

The number of days with heat waves The max temperature (heat waves) hits the historical records in many cities Heat Wave Events