History of Computers Review Computer Applications I Notes Teacher: Mrs. Malone from Microsoft Office textbook, chapter 1

Parts of a Computer from Microsoft Office textbook, chapter1: page 1-8: # 1.10: the personal computer

from Microsoft Office textbook, chapter 1 Mark I“In 1944, the Mark I was completed by a team from International Business Machines (IBM) and Harvard University... The Mark I used mechanical telephone relay switches to store information and accepted data on punched cards...the Mark I was not a computer but instead a highly sophisticated calculator.” (page 1-3) Reference Microsoft Office textbook, chapter1. Punched cards Originally used to provide instructions for weaving looms, in : Herman Hollerith invented a tabulating machine and used punch cards containing holes to represent information to be tabulated, with the location of each hole representing a specific piece of information. The cards were inserted into the machine and metal pins used to open and close electrical circuits. (page 1-2 & 3) Reference Microsoft Office textbook, chapter1.

from Microsoft Office textbook, chapter 1 CPUStands for Central Processing Unit Central Processing Unit In 1945, John von Neuman presented his idea of the stored program concept. The stored program computer would store computer instructions in a CPU consisting of different elements used to control all the functions of the computer electronically so that it would not be necessary to flip switches or pull wires to change instructions. Reference page 1-5. Microsoft Office textbook, chapter1.

from Microsoft Office textbook, chapter 1 CPUCentral Processing Unit: An integrated circuit inside the base unit that processes data and controls the flow of data between the computer’s other units. It is here that computer makes decisions. Page 1- 8 Output devices Devices that display or store processed data. Monitors and printers are the most common visual output devices. The hard disk, which is inside the base unit, and the diskette and CD-ROM are the most common storage output devices. Page 1-8