KIN WEEK 3 Thursday Jan 21, 2016 Why are theories of health and physical activity promotion important but problematic?

health promotion models and frameworks Complexity combining theories Theories explaining: 1.health behaviour change in individuals 2.change in communities 3.change in organizations 4.healthy public policy development Theories explaining: 1.health behaviour change in individuals 2.change in communities 3.change in organizations 4.healthy public policy development

Using theory to shape health promotion initiatives…

Ecological LevelTheory/Model/Framework SocietalSocial Determinants Population Health Promotion Summary of HP Theories con’t

Social Determinants of HealthLife Course Impact of living conditions over time

Early childhood

Halfon, N., Larson, K., Lu, M., Tullis, E., & Russ, S. (2013). Lifecourse health development: Past, present and future. Maternal and child health journal, Throughout the lifespan

Your “health” trajectory Birth Today Optimal health Poor health

Physically Active Throughout the Life Span Active for life 0 yrs 99 yrs

Your “physical activity” trajectory Birth Today Exercise regularly Sedentary

Issue Approach Surrey’s Safe & Active Schools Program: -Built environment improvements: side walks, cross walks, traffic calming, curb extensions - Parent, student and teacher education: reflective clothing, awareness, student pick up/drop off, safe routes -Group support: walking groups, school challenges -Enforcement: parking, speeding

Community Health Promotion Socio-ecologicalSettings

Settings Approach Comprehensive school health Directorate of Agencies for School Health in British Columbia (DASH BC) Canadian Association for School Health (CASH)

Target Population Approach Government Assisted Refugees – Settlement support services – Wrap around support is needed

Approaches to Targeted Health Promotion Initiatives: - setting - population - issue

Health Literacy: the ability to access, understand, evaluate and communicate information as a way to promote, maintain and improve health in a variety of settings across the life course (Rootman & Gordon-El- Bihbety, 2008). Physical literacy: the mastering of fundamental movement skills and fundamental sport skills that permit a child to read their environment and make appropriate decisions, allowing them to move confidently and with control in a wide range of physical activity situations. It supports long-term participation and performance to the best of one’s ability (

Physical Literacy The development of fundamental movement skills and fundamental sport skills; The ABCs - Agility, Balance, Coordination and Speed are the four skills that underpin physical literacy.

Theories, Models, Frameworks Theory – “A theory is a set of interrelated concepts, definitions, and propositions that presents a systematic view of events or situations by specifying relations among variables in order to explain and predict the events of the situations” (Kerlinger, 1986 as sited in Glanz, Lewis & Rimer, 2002 p. 25). Model – “Models may draw on a number of theories to help understand a particular problem in a certain setting or context” (National Cancer Institute, 2005). Framework – guides the practical implementation of theories and models. Outlines the fundamental structure of how the concepts, principles, and strategies are applied in order to guide planning, action and evaluation.

Evidence Emerging practices: Promising practices: Best practices:

Active Canada 20/20 Framework to Create a Culture of an Active Nation ac-20-20/20-20-vision-for-canada/framework Areas Of Focus: Policy Education Programs Community Foundations For Change

WHY? Physical inactivity is now identified by the World Health Organization as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality. Eighty-five percent of adults and 93% of children and youth are not meeting Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines. WHAT? Active Canada 20/20: Provides a vision for an active Canada; Establishes measurable goals for the nation; Identifies actions based on evidence; Focuses on priority actions and needed investments; Builds on current strengths; Identifies strategies to address gaps; and, Provides focus and opportunity for coordinated action.