Nature of Science Study Guide Review

The steps scientists take to create, test, and prove a hypothesis

Something that can be expressed in numbers Ex: time, temperature, mass, distance, volume

Something that includes a description Ex: sight, sound, smell, color, hard, soft

a logical conclusion drawn from the available evidence and prior knowledge

A tentative explanation for an observation that can be tested by further investigation

an organized procedure used to prove a hypothesis

the group that stays the same in the experiment; never changes. Is the “normal”

the group that you change in the experiment

the factor that I change in the experiment

the factor that you measure to gather results in the experiment

What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative observation?  Quanitative = numbers  Qualitative = description

Identify each statement as qualitative or quantitative.  The building is taller than the tree.

Identify each statement as qualitative or quantitative.  The sidewalk is long.

Identify each statement as qualitative or quantitative.  The temperature outside is 95 F.

Identify each statement as qualitative or quantitative.  It is warm outside.

Identify each statement as qualitative or quantitative.  The tree is 30 feet tall.

Identify each statement as qualitative or quantitative.  The building has 25 stories.

Identify each statement as an inference or an observation.  The container is filled to the 350 mL mark with water.

Identify each statement as an inference or an observation.  The caterpillar did not eat the moth because it is a butterfly.

Identify each statement as an inference or an observation.  The sun rose at 6:54 am this morning.

Identify each statement as an inference or an observation.  When the sun came out it made the rain stop.

Identify each statement as an inference or an observation.  I can jump high in tennis shoes because they have a rubber bottom

Identify each statement as an inference or an observation.  Water can fall to the ground as rain, snow, or hail.

Identify each statement as either: question, hypothesis, experiment or conclusion  Rene grew bacteria from the mouth on petri dishes in the lab. She placed different drops of mouthwashes on the bacteria in each plate.

Identify each statement as either: question, hypothesis, experiment or conclusion  Justin wondered if dyes could be taken out of plant leaves, flowers, and stems.

Identify each statement as either: observation, hypothesis, experiment or conclusion  Angela’s experiment proved that earthworms move away from the light.

Identify each statement as either: observation, hypothesis, experiment or conclusion  Stephen predicted that seeds would start to grow faster if an electric current traveled through the soil in which they were planted.

What is the correct format for writing a hypothesis?  If I ________________, then ___________ Because ___________________.

What is the purpose of a hypothesis?  To explain what we have observed

The SI unit for mass is _______________________. What instrument is used to measure mass?  SI unit for mass = gram (g)  Triple beam balance

The SI unit for volume is _______________________. What instrument is used to measure volume?  SI unit for volume = liter (L)  Graduated cylinder

The SI unit for length is _______________________. What instrument is used to measure length?  SI unit for length = meter (m)  ruler

Write the SI prefixes in order from largest to smallest. Kilo Hecto Deca Deci Centi Milli

What are the measurements of each graduated cylinder?

 A = 0.5 cm, 5 mm  B = 1.3 cm, 13 mm  C = 2.6 cm, 26 mm  D = 4.1 cm, 41 mm

What is the difference between the control group and experimental group?  Control group stays the same; normal  Experimental group changes

SpongeBob Clean Pants  SpongeBob noticed that his favorite pants were not as clean as they used to be. His friend Sandy told him that he should try using Clean-O detergent, a new laundry soap she found at Sail-Mart.  SpongeBob made sure to wash one pair of pants in plain water and another pair in water with the Clean-O detergent. After washing both pairs of pants a total of three times, the pants washed in the Clean-O detergent did not appear to be any cleaner than the pants washed in plain water.

What was the problem SpongeBob wanted to investigate?  a. Is Clean-O detergent effective?  b. Is the length of time the pants are washed important?  c. How does water temperature affect cleaning pants?  d. Does how often I wash my pants affect how clean they are?

What was the problem SpongeBob wanted to investigate?  a. Is Clean-O detergent effective?  b. Is the length of time the pants are washed important?  c. How does water temperature affect cleaning pants?  d. Does how often I wash my pants affect how clean they are?

What is the independent variable?  a. Water temperature.  b. Length of wash time.  c. Laundry soap  d. Size of washing tub.

What is the independent variable?  a. Water temperature.  b. Length of wash time.  c. Laundry soap  d. Size of washing tub.

What is the dependent variable?  a. Appearance of pants  b. Laundry soap  c. Amount of water  d. Length of wash time

What is the dependent variable?  a. Appearance of pants  b. Laundry soap  c. Amount of water  d. Length of wash time

What should Sponge Bob’s conclusion be?  a. Clean-O best cleans his pants.  b. Plain water best cleans his pants.  c. Cold water best cleans his pants.  d. Clean-O is not effective cleaning his pants.

What should Sponge Bob’s conclusion be?  a. Clean-O best cleans his pants.  b. Plain water best cleans his pants.  c. Cold water best cleans his pants.  d. Clean-O is not effective cleaning his pants.