Tigris and EuphratesTigris and Euphrates One of the earliest cultural hearths. Culture hearth – a center in which cultures develop and from which they are spread. Rivers formed natural boundary around Mesopotamia. Natural boundary – a boundary created by a physical feature, such as a mountain, river, or strait.
Mesopotamia Alluvial soil led to agriculture and this led to permanent settlements. Why?
Empires Sumerian Civilization – cuneiform, math, code of law Cuneiform – system of writing using wedge-shaped symbols that were pressed into clay tablets. Babylon Persian Empire – Iran, qanats Qanats – an underground canal first built by Persians. Ottoman Empire
Modern HistoryModern History Turkey – European or Asian? Member of NATO, applying for EU membership Iraq – independent state in 1932 Much tormoil Iran – remnant of Persian empire. 1979 secular government overthrown
Discovery of OilDiscovery of Oil Oil discovered near the Persian Gulf in What are some ways that the discovery of oil might impact a region?
Populations Turks Iranians Arabs Kurds Mostly Islamic
Economics Iran and Iraq oil exports Members of OPEC Gives considerable influence over global affairs