Effects of industrialization and Urbanization Excess population crowd cities in search of jobs Urban areas increase size Factories develop near sources of energy Job Specialization
Life in the cities Disease/despair Crime/slums/ghettos Slowly governments start to catch up and improve conditions
Life in the cities Inadequate governments Inadequate housing, Sanitation,water, education
Working conditions Life on the clock/wages Unsafe factory conditions Harsh /severe treatment of workers
Working conditions Long hours Low wages Monotonous work Workers consoled with alcohol-its consequences
New Social Classes “Old” middle-class bankers,merchants Professional middle-class: lawyers, teachers, managers (education+salary )
New Social Classes Resentful landowners and aristocrats Industrial working class: hourly wages