Estimated survival of juvenile salmonids through the lower Columbia River and estuary, and estimated mortality from avian predation John Ferguson NOAA.

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Presentation transcript:

Estimated survival of juvenile salmonids through the lower Columbia River and estuary, and estimated mortality from avian predation John Ferguson NOAA Fisheries Northwest Fisheries Science Center

1. A Study to Estimate Juvenile Salmonid Survival from Bonneville Dam Through the Columbia River Estuary Using Acoustic Tags *R. Lynn McComas Lyle Gilbreath Thomas J. Carlson John W. Ferguson *Geoffrey A. McMichael Gary Johnson Steven G. Smith Gene M. Matthews COTR: Blaine Ebberts

Provide rigorous estimates of juvenile Provide rigorous estimates of juvenile salmonid survival through the lower ColumbiaRiver estuary. Post Federal Columbia River Power System (FCRPS) Survival Primary Research Goal Secondary Goals Migration behavior and fate determination Migration behavior and fate determination Estuary residence timing Estuary residence timing Habitat selection Habitat selection Delayed mortality Delayed mortality System-wide FCRPS survival using active tags System-wide FCRPS survival using active tags

Methods: Micro-acoustic Transmitters (tags) Dimensions: 5.3 mm wide 17.0 mm long 3.5 mm high 3.5 mm high Weight: 0.62 g dry 0.35 g residual 0.35 g residual Volume: 0.38 ml Frequency: kHz (center) Nominal Nominal tag life: 30 5 sec PRI tag life: 30 5 sec PRI sec PRI sec PRI Encoding: 32 bit differential phase shift (PSK) phase shift (PSK) (65,536 (65,536 simultaneous simultaneous individual codes) individual codes)

Mean Estimated Survival from Bonneville to the mouth, 2005: Yearling Chinook:0.69 (SE = 0.061) Subyearling Chinook: 0.50 (SE = 0.037)

Survival estimate Release date Yearling Chinook salmon (n = 890) Subyearling Chinook salmon (n = 1216) Survival and detection probability estimates (± 95% CI) Bonneville Dam through the Columbia River estuary 2005.

Mean Estimated Survival from Bonneville to the mouth, 2006: Yearling Chinook: 0.68 (SE = 0.038) Subyearling Chinook: 0.66 (SE = 0.036)

Survival estimate Release date Yearling Chinook salmon (n=972) Subyearling Chinook salmon (n = 1957) Survival and detection probability estimates (± 95% CI) Bonneville Dam through the Columbia River estuary 2006.

Survival estimate Release date Yearling Chinook salmon (n=972) Subyearling Chinook salmon (n = 1957) Survival and detection probability estimates (± 95% CI) Bonneville Dam through the Camas primary array 2006.

Survival in lower river compared to FCRPS (yearling Chinook) Post-FPRCS (acoustic; 225 km) Bonneville – lower CR estuary Estimated mean survival Estimated mean survival FCRPS (PIT; 460 km) Lower Granite - Bonneville

2. Mobile tracking of acoustically tagged subyearling Chinook salmon upstream of Puget Island, 2007 PI: Lynn McComas

Tag ID: 3CA2 Rel Date:6/30/07 Trk date: 7/3/07 13:58 – 15: receptions Trk Dist: 3.53 mi.

Tag ID: 0109 Rel Date:6/2307 Trk date: 6/26/07 10:00 – 11: receptions Trk Dist: 0.94 mi.

Tag ID: 06C6 Rel Date:6/21/07 Trk date: 6/27/07 10:49 – 11: receptions Trk Dist: 1.68 mi.

3. Estimated losses of juvenile salmon to Caspian terns and double-crested cormorants in the lower Columbia River (PIT tags), 2006 PIs: Brad Ryan and Dick Ledgerwood

Caspian terns Cormorants

PIT tag detection methods

: Compare a vian predation rates on juvenile salmonids transported to the lower Columbia River estuary and released at Astoria Bridge (rkm 10), and below Bonneville Dam at Skamania Landing (rkm 225), to test the hypothesis that releasing at rkm 10 will produce higher smolt-to-adult return rates (SARs) PIs: Doug Marsh and Bill Muir

Mean rate of predation of transported fish to avian predators Yearling Chinook: Released at Skamania (rkm 225): 3.0% Released at Skamania (rkm 225): 3.0% Released at Astoria (rkm 10): 0.4% Released at Astoria (rkm 10): 0.4%Steelhead: Released at Skamania (rkm 225): 13.8% Released at Skamania (rkm 225): 13.8% Released at Astoria (rkm 10): 1.7% Released at Astoria (rkm 10): 1.7% *Need to wait for adult returns for final results (includes effects from ocean entry timing) from ocean entry timing)