What is Cellular Respiration? When organisms release the _________ stored in carbohydrates and other food molecules energy Sucrose: A disaccharide GlucoseFructose Monosaccharides

Aerobic Respiration 1.Occurs when Oxygen is present 2.Many ATP Molecules made

Anaerobic Respiration 1.Occurs when no Oxygen is present 2.Very little ATP made 3.Two basic types: a.Fermentation: Alcohol and CO 2 produced b.Lactic Acid

What did Krebs and Chance Discover in their Research? Enjoy this video clip, and jot down a summary of Krebs’ and Chance’s research. Pay attention to the significance of both scientist’s discoveries.

Label the parts of the mitochondrion Inner membrane Outer membrane Cristae Matrix Inter- membrane space

3 stages of Cellular Respiration 1.Glycolysis: Occurs in the cytoplasm No O 2 required 2.Krebs Cycle: Occurs in the mitochondrion 3.Electron Transport Chain Requires O 2

“Glyco” “lysis” literally means “sugar” “splitting” ATP PP ADP ATP = -2

P P Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm PP NAD + NADH = +2

P P Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm PP ADP ATP ATP ATP = +2

Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm P P ADP ATP ATP ATP = +2 Pyruvate

What is the net gain of energy in Glycolysis? ATP = + 2 NADH = + 2

The Krebs Cycle takes place in the Matrix of the Mitochondrion NAD + NADH CoA Acetyl CoA

The Krebs Cycle takes place in the Matrix of the Mitochondrion CoA Citrate

The Krebs Cycle takes place in the Mitochondrion NAD + NADH

The Krebs Cycle takes place in the Mitochondrion NAD + NADH

The Krebs Cycle takes place in the Mitochondrion P ADP ATP NADHNAD +

The Krebs Cycle takes place in the Mitochondrion FADH FADH 2

What is gained and lost for each pyruvate molecule? What is lost during the Krebs Cycle? –A Carbon atom must be lost –It is lost in the form of Carbon Dioxide –There are 3 CO 2 molecules lost What is gained during the Krebs Cycle? –4 NADH molecules are made. –1 FADH 2 molecule is made –1 ATP molecule is made

What is gained per glucose molecule? NADH = +4 ATP = +1 FADH 2 = +1 But there were two molecules of Acetyl CoA (per glucose) that went into the Krebs Cycle… How many would actually be produced in this case? +8 +2

Where is the energy? So far, most of the usable energy from the original glucose molecule is stored as electrons in and Where will most of the ATP be made? The Electron Transport Chain NADH FADH 2

Where is the Electron Transport Chain? Inside the mitochondrion. Folds of the inner membrane known as cristae. Many ATP molecules will be produced in these Electron Transport Chains

How much ATP can each electron carrier make? FADH 2 NADH FADH 2 ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP

After electrons travel through the ETC, Oxygen is the final electron acceptor. Electrons, and two Hydrogen ions attach to the oxygen, and H 2 O is formed.

Hydrogen ions pump from the matrix to the inter- membrane space, using the energy from the electrons.

The diffusion of H+ ions through the enzyme, ATP synthase makes ATP

C 6 H 12 O 6 ATP

C 6 H 12 O 6 CO 2 H2OH2O ATP

C 6 H 12 O 6 CO 2 H2OH2OO2O2 ATP +++

With a neighbor, fill in the steps in this cycle of Photosynthesis and Respiration. We will check your answers when you are done! Photosynthesis and Respiration