How to Conjugate… Spanish Verbs Verbs in the present tense. Los verbos en el tiempo presente.

First, let’s review the subject pronouns. PersonSingularPlural 1 st Yo- INosotros- We 2 nd Tú- YouVosotros- You all (Used only in Spain) 3 rd Usted/él/ella- You, he, she Ustedes/Ellos/Ellas- Y’all, they Note: Él and Ellos are masculine while Ella and Ellas are feminine.

Conjugate 0 Grammar: to inflect a verb in its forms for distinctions such as number, person, voice, mood, and tense. 0 Otherwise known as: to change the verb 0 I run. 0 We are. 0 You have. 0 She walks. 0 They speak. Examples of Conjugation:

The Infinitive 0 The infinitive: the basic unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do” (something). For example: to speak, to work, to sing, etc. 0 Otherwise known as: the verb in its original form. 0 The Spanish infinitive always ends in –r. Hablarsalircomerconocer Escribircantarcorrernadar Aprenderleerescucharbailar

The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb. 0 The ending: The last two letters of the infinitive. The ending always consists of two letters. Hablar- arsalir-ircomer-erconocer-er Escribir- ircantar-arcorrer-ernadar-ar aprender-erleer-erescuchar-arbailar-ar

The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb. 0 The stem or root: Whatever is left after removing the ending from the infinitive. The stem can consist of a variable number of letters, depending on the length of the verb in question. 0 The infinitive- the ending = the stem: Hablsalcomconocescribcant Corrnadaprendleescuchbail

¡No te olvides! (Don’t forget) 0 The infinitive: the basic, unconjugated, form of the verb.  estudiar 0 The ending: The last two letters of the infinitive.  ar 0 The stem: What is left after taking the ending from the infinitive.  Estudi

Verb Conjugation 0 To conjugate: to put a verb in its correct person and number so that we know who is doing the action. When we conjugate any verb we always begin with its stem.

There are 3 types of verbs in Spanish. Types of verbs AR ER IR -AR verbs are verbs that end in –ar. Hablar, nadar, escuchar -ER verbs end in –er. Comer, correr, leer -IR verbs end in –ir. Salir, vivir

Regular –AR Verbs The following verbs are regular –ar verbs and are conjugated according to the pattern we are about to learn! Hablar- to speakllegar- to arriveayudar- to help Mirar- to look atbailar- to dancenadar- to swim Buscar- to look fornecesitar- to needcaminar- to walk Comprar- to buyregresar- to returnpreparar- to prepare Escuchar- to listentrabajar- to workestudiar- to study Viajar- to traveltomar- to take or to drink Conversar- to converse

Let’s get started conjugating! 0 To conjugate a regular AR verb, one must first remove the AR from the infinitive. This will leave you with the stem. Use the infinitive hablar: hablar-ar= habl Habl is your stem…

These endings correspond with your subject pronouns! PersonSingularPlural 1 st Yo: -oNosotros: -amos 2 nd Tú: -asVosotros: -áis 3 rd Ud./él/ella: -aUds./ellos/ellas: -an With regular AR verbs you’ll replace the –ar ending with the corresponding endings above.

Hablar 0 I speak: Yo hablo. 0 You speak: Tú hablas. 0 He/She speaks: Él/ella habla. 0 We speak: Nosotros hablamos. 0 They speak: Ellos hablan. Confused? Memorization is key to conjugating regular verbs in Spanish. Just follow the pattern. Once you have learned to conjugate one regular –ar verb, you can conjugate all regular –ar verbs!!!

Now you try… Nadar Remember: Infinitive – ar = base nad

Now you try… Nadar Remember: Infinitive – ar = base nadonadamos nadasnadáis nadanadan

Caminar caminocaminamos caminascamináis caminacaminan

Trabajar trabajotrabajamos trabajastrabajáis trabajatrabajan

Escuchar escuchoescuchamos escuchasescucháis escuchaescuchan

Bailar bailobailamos bailasbailáis bailabailan

Good job!! 0 Now that we’ve gone over our AR verbs, we have two more types of verbs. ER and IR. 0 Don’t worry though… we still use the same pattern! 0 Infinitive – ending = base 0 Now all you need are new endings… ER verbs are like AR verbs. The only difference is the “A” and the “E”.

Conjugating ER Verbs Remember: everything stays the same except for the A and E. Comer: to eat Comer- er = com Yo como.Nosotros comemos. Tú comes.Vosotros coméis. Ud./Él/Ella come.Uds./Ellos/Ellas comen.

Correr corrocorremos correscorréis correcorren

Aprender aprendoaprendemos aprendesaprendéis aprendeaprenden

We’re almost there! Conjugating IR verbs 0 IR verbs are sister verbs to the ER verbs. They share four of the same endings! 0 Vivir: to live Vivir-ir = viv Yo vivo.Nosotros vivimos. Tú vives.Vosotros vivís. Ud./Él/Ella vive.Uds./Ellos/Ellas viven.

Abrir abroabrimos abresabrís abreabren

Escribir escriboescribimos escribesescribís escribeescriben

Here are the regular verb endings… PersonSingularPluralSingularPluralSingularPlural 1 st -o-amos-o-emos-o-imos 2 nd -as-áis-es-éis-es-ís 3 rd -a-an-e-en-e-en -AR-ER-IR Write these down and keep them safe!! You will need to conjugate all the time!!