Biology 30 Unit 2: Reproduction and Development Cell Division & Life Cycles

Cell Cycle

Cell Cycle Clip Clip

Asexual Cell Reproduction Mitosis Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis

Interphase Cell growth Cell function DNA replication Clip 1-Interphase Clip 2-Late Interphase

Prophase Nuclear membrane begins to disappear Centrioles migrate to opposite poles Chromosomes shorten and thicken Clip-Prophase

Metaphase Chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate or equator Clip- Prometaphase Clip-Metaphase

Anaphase The centromeres holding the sister chromatids split. Chromosomes move to opposite pole, guided by the spindle fibres Clip-Anaphase

Telophase Chromosomes begin to unwind Nuclear membrane reforms Clip-Telophase

Cytokinesis Division of the cytoplasm and the cell organelles

Mitosis Summary-ClipClip

Cleavage vs. Cell Plate Clips

Sex Cell Reproduction Meiosis Consists of two mitotic-like events –Meiosis I and Meiosis II Clip-Meiosis1

Meiosis I Prophase I –Same as in meiosis except for the formation of tetrads –Tetrads are homologous chromosomes that synapse to form a chiasma Clip-Meiosis 2

Metaphase I –Same as in meiosis except homologous pairs (tetrads) line up on equator –Crossing over can occur Clip-Meiosis 3

Anaphase I –Same as mitosis except homologous chromosomes are split, with one of the pair going to each pole Clip-Meiosis 4

Telophase I & Cytokinesis –Same as mitosis Clip-Meiosis 5

Meiosis II The events of Meiosis II are the same as those for mitosis. Except, there is only one set of chromosomes to line up during Metaphase II. Sister chromosomes are separated during Anaphase II.

Prophase II Clip-meiosis 6Clip-meiosis 6

Metaphase II Clip-Meiosis 7Clip-Meiosis 7

Anaphase II Clip Meiosis 8Clip Meiosis 8

Telophase II & Cytokinesis ClipClip

Meiosis Summary Clip Clip

Sex Cell Formation Clip Clip

Karyotyping

The Human Life Cycle Sexual Reproduction Human

Asexual Reproduction Clip Clip

Clip 2