A brief history of Pythagoras And the Pythagoreans

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A brief history of Pythagoras And the Pythagoreans Pythagorean Theorem A brief history of Pythagoras And the Pythagoreans

Pythagoras of Samos

Pythagoras of Samos Lived from 560 – 480 BC Born in Samos (an island off the east coast of Greece) Went to Miletus Then went to Egypt

Life with the Persians While in Egypt, the Egyptians were conquered by the King Cambyses and the Persians. Pythagoras went back to Babylon (Persia) with King Cambyses and spent 7 years there. There he became acquainted with Eastern Mysticism

Iamblichus writes that Pythagoras ... was transported by the followers of Cambyses as a prisoner of war. Whilst he was there he gladly associated with the Magoi ... and was instructed in their sacred rites and learnt about a very mystical worship of the gods. He also reached the acme of perfection in arithmetic and music and the other mathematical sciences taught by the Babylonians...

Eastern Mysticism A broad term summarizing mystic traditions of the Middle East, India and the Far East, including mystic elements in Gnosticism, Sufism, Yoga, Buddhism, and Taoism Believing in ideas such as reincarnation, one or many gods, and meditation.

Upon Leaving Persia Forced to leave Persia because of ideas of liberty and freedom Went to Croton (Southern Italy) Founded a school and taught Mathematics. The most talented pupils were initiated into the Pythagorean Order.

Pythagorean Order The Pythagorean Order was a secret brotherhood. Ideas of the Pythagorean Order stemmed from Pythagoras’ experience with Eastern Mysticism Strict code of silence for those initiated into the Pythagorean Order

Pythagorean Order Beliefs Transmigration of Souls They did not Eat Meat Wear Wool Eat Beans Have any personal possessions

Pythagorean Order Beliefs That at its deepest level, reality is mathematical in nature That philosophy can be used for spiritual purification That the soul can rise to union with the divine That certain symbols have a mystical significance That all brothers of the order should observe strict loyalty and secrecy

Pythagorean Order Not only did they study Mathematics, they studied Music and Astronomy Studied mathematical relationship of sounds and broke music into octaves Recognized the Moon was inclined to the equator of the Earth and he was one of the first to realize that Venus as an evening star was the same planet as Venus as a morning star.

Other Discoveries Sum of the interior angles of any triangle add up to two right angles (180 degrees) The discovery of irrationals. This is certainly attributed to the Pythagoreans but it does seem unlikely to have been due to Pythagoras himself. This went against Pythagoras's philosophy the all things are numbers, since by a number he meant the ratio of two whole numbers. However, because of his belief that all things are numbers it would be a natural task to try to prove that the hypotenuse of an isosceles right angled triangle had a length corresponding to a number.

Google Earth Using Google Earth, Find and “Add Placemark” to the three places Pythagoras lived. Find the Statue of Pythagoras on the island of Samos, Italy Find the ruins of the Hanging Gardens of Ancient Babylon Find the city of Crotone, Italy Using the ruler tool, “Add Placemark” to any three places in the world that are examples of the Pythagorean Theorem. Make a tour using the six places you’ve bookmarked.