Genetics Chapter 11-1. Heredity- passing of traits from parents to offspring.

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Presentation transcript:

Genetics Chapter 11-1

Heredity- passing of traits from parents to offspring

Genetics- the study of heredity  “Father of Genetics”- Gregor Mendel; studied the traits of pea plants

Dominant- a trait that ALWAYS shows up or covers up the other form of the trait  Represented by a CAPITAL letter  T, B, C…

Recessive- trait that is “hidden” by another trait & seems to disappear  Represented by a lower case letter  t, b, c…..

Genotype- genetic makeup of a trait  The 2 letters that represent a trait  Ex: TT, Tt,tt

Phenotype- physical appearance or behavior of an organism  Ex: Tall, short, blonde…

Hybrid- 2 DIFFERENT alleles for a trait  Ex: Bb, Nn  Hint: To remember think of a Hybrid Car that uses 2 DIFFERENT types of energy (electric & gas)

Purebred- 2 of the same alleles for a trait  (think of purebred dogs…)

Heterozygous- 2 DIFFERENT alleles for a trait  Ex: Bb, Tt, Ff… Prefix HETERO- means DIFFERENT Cat with heterochromia

Homozygous- 2 of the SAME alleles for a trait  Ex: BB, bb, TT, tt….. Prefix HOMO- means SAME

Alleles- different forms of a trait  Can be dominant or recessive  Represented by letters  There are 4 different alleles for fur color in the rabbits below

Punnett Squares- tool used to predict the probability of certain traits  Shows the different ways alleles combine