Virus and Bacteria Review
Kingdom Bacteria ProtistaFungi Number of Cells ALL are unicellular (1) some are uni- and some are multicellular BOTH (most are) multicellular yeast are unicellular BOTH Presence of Nucleus prokaryote (no) eukaryote (yes) eukaryote (yes) Form of Nutrition BOTH Some are auto- and some are heterotrophic BOTH Some are auto- and some are heterotrophic All are heterotrophic (many live on their food)
Diseases Caused by Viruses Chicken Pox Common Cold Ebola Flu Mononucleosis Rabies
Diseases Caused by Bacteria Food poisoning Tetanus Strep throat Lyme disease
What is a parasite? an organism that lives off of and harms another organism
NO Do antibiotics work against viral infections?
YES Do antibiotics work against bacterial infections?
YES Do vaccines help prevent some viral infections?
YES Do vaccines help prevent some bacterial infections?
virus Which is smaller—a virus or a bacterium?
virus Which is smaller—a red blood cell or a virus?
How do vaccines work? Most vaccines trick the body into thinking it has been infected with a virus. The body releases its own natural defenses to fight off the phony viral infection. The body is then on “alert”. It will recognize and fight off the virus if it really enters the body.
How does refrigeration slows the process of food spoiling? Most bacteria like a warm, dark, and moist environment. The colder temperature of a refrigerator means that the bacteria reproduce more slowly.
Where are bacteria found? They are found almost everywhere: -water-air -soil-food - inside the body - skin -on most objects
asexual reproduction reproduction of a living thing from only one parent Examples: binary fission, budding, or regeneration
Binary Fission What is the process of one organism dividing into two organisms called? The one main (circular) chromosome makes a copy of itself. Then it divides into two.
endospore What is a thick walled, protective structure that forms inside a bacterium when conditions are unfavorable for survival?
antiseptics What are chemicals that kill bacteria on living things? Examples: iodine, hydrogen peroxide, alcohol, soap, mouthwash
disinfectants What are chemicals that destroy bacteria on objects or nonliving things?
What are 3 ways to control bacteria in food? 1) Canning 2) Pasteurization 3) Dehydration
Name 5 foods bacteria are used in making. – Cheese – Yogurt – Buttermilk – Sour cream – Apple cider – Sourdough bread – Olives – Sauerkraut – Pickles – Vinegar
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Ebola
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Ebola
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Common cold
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Common cold
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Tetanus
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Tetanus
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Flu
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Flu
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Food poisoning from Salmonella
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Food poisoning from Salmonella
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Chicken pox
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Chicken pox
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Strep throat
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Strep throat
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Rabies
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Rabies
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Mononucleosis (mono)
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Mononucleosis (mono)
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Lyme disease
Is the following disease caused by virus or bacteria? Lyme disease
What characteristics determine how to classify an organism into a kingdom?
How many cells they are made up of If those cells have a nucleus How they get their nutrition
Bacteria: Archaebacteria & Eubacteria Are organisms in this kingdom unicellular or multicellular? Do they have a nucleus? Are they able to make their own food or must they take in food?
Bacteria: Archaebacteria & Eubacteria unicellular prokaryote autotrophic/heterotrophic
Protists Are organisms in this kingdom unicellular or multicellular? Do they have a nucleus? Are they able to make their own food or must they take in food? Into what groups are they divided?
Protists Some are unicelluar, some are multicellular Eukaryotes Some of them are autotrophs, some are heterotrophs
They are divided into three groups by how they get their nutrition: plant-likealgae (autotrophic) animal-likeprotozoan (heterotrophic) fungus-like.molds and (heterotrophic) mildews
1.Animal-like Protists These include all protists that ingest their food (heterotrophic), and thus they live primarily in aquatic habitats, such as ponds, drops of water in soil, or the digestive tracts of animals. Protozoans
2. Plant-like Protists They contain chloroplasts and photosynthesize like plants. (autotrophic) They can live in soil, on the bark of trees, in fresh water, and in salt water. These protists are very important to the Earth because they produce a lot of oxygen. Algae
3. Fungus-like Protists (heterotrphic) All fungus-like protists are able to move at some point in their lives. There are essentially three types of fungus-like protists: water molds, downy mildews, and slime molds. Molds and Mildews
Slime molds
Fungi Are organisms in this kingdom unicellular or multicellular? Do they have a nucleus? Are they able to make their own food or must they take in food?
Fungi most are multicellular (yeast are unicellular) eukaryotes heterotrophs
How do they help the Earth? They help recycle Earth’s wastes.