ORGANIZING LIFE’S DIVERSITY Chapter 17. Biology 5/13/14 Mrs. Turgeon “Be a yardstick of quality. Some people aren’t used to an environment where excellence.

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Presentation transcript:

ORGANIZING LIFE’S DIVERSITY Chapter 17

Biology 5/13/14 Mrs. Turgeon “Be a yardstick of quality. Some people aren’t used to an environment where excellence is expected.” DO NOW: In your notes: What do scientists use to classify organisms? AGENDA: SWBAT understand how to classify organisms by completing an activity

Biology 5/13/14 Mrs. Turgeon “Be a yardstick of quality. Some people aren’t used to an environment where excellence is expected.” DO NOW: In your notes: What do scientists use to classify organisms? AGENDA: SWBAT understand how to classify organisms by completing an activity

Classification Ch. 17, Sec. 1

How Classification Began Classification = grouping objects or info based on similarity Classification = grouping objects or info based on similarity Taxonomy = branch of science that groups & names organisms based on studies of different characteristics Taxonomy = branch of science that groups & names organisms based on studies of different characteristics

Aristotle’s Classification System Aristole was a Greek philosopher Aristole was a Greek philosopher Developed one of the first systems of classification Developed one of the first systems of classification Grouped animals according to characteristics, including habitat Grouped animals according to characteristics, including habitat

Linnaeus’s Classification System system Linnaeus’s of Binomial Nomenclature system Linnaeus’s of Binomial Nomenclature Was a Swedish botanist Was a Swedish botanist Based on physical & structural similarities of organisms Based on physical & structural similarities of organisms

Binomial Nomenclature = 2 word naming system Binomial Nomenclature = 2 word naming system Genus = 1 st word, capitolized; a group of similar species Genus = 1 st word, capitolized; a group of similar species Species = 2 nd word, lower case; describes a characteristic of the organism Species = 2 nd word, lower case; describes a characteristic of the organism

Organisms have a scientific name & a common name Organisms have a scientific name & a common name Scientific name is written in Latin Scientific name is written in Latin

How Living Things Are Classified Organisms ranked in taxa (categories) that range from broad to specific Organisms ranked in taxa (categories) that range from broad to specific In order from: In order from: 1. Kingdom1. Kingdom 2. Phylum2. Phylum 3. Class3. Class 4. Order4. Order 5. Family5. Family 6. Genus6. Genus 7. Species7. Species

The 6 Kingdoms Ch. 17, Sec. 2

Classification Models Phylogeny = evolutionary history of a species Phylogeny = evolutionary history of a species Cladogram = model of phylogeny of species Cladogram = model of phylogeny of species

Prokaryotes Prokaryotes Microscopic, bacteria Microscopic, bacteria Archeabacteria = live in extreme conditions (very salty, very hot, very acidic, etc.) Archeabacteria = live in extreme conditions (very salty, very hot, very acidic, etc.) Eubacteria = all other bacteria Eubacteria = all other bacteria

Protists Protist = eukaryote, lacks complex organ system Protist = eukaryote, lacks complex organ system

Fungi Fungi absorb nutrients from materials in the environment Fungi absorb nutrients from materials in the environment Help decompose, break down organic material Help decompose, break down organic material

Plants Autotrophs Autotrophs Eukaryotic Eukaryotic

Animals Heterotroph Heterotroph Eukaryotic Eukaryotic