Roberto Sironi | Paolo Perego | Riccardo Lavezzari | Giuseppe Andreoni Study of integrated neuro-motor rehabilitation system based on User Centered Design Roberto Sironi, Paolo Perego, Riccardo Lavezzari, Giuseppe Andreoni This work has been supported by Think&Go partners Polimi, ABMedica, Idrogenet, Fondazione Cariplo, Univerlecco, Villa Beretta, CNR ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Roberto Sironi | Paolo Perego | Riccardo Lavezzari | Giuseppe Andreoni Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) are direct technological interfaces between the brain and the computer, i.e. system capable of measuring and processing brain activity. BRAIN COMPUTER INTERFACE A >Usually BCI are based on EEG, The most reliable and cheapest input method. >BCI researchers usually focus on performance and usability without taking into account the ergonomics and design aspects like wearability and comfort of the hardware interface.. B

Roberto Sironi | Paolo Perego | Riccardo Lavezzari | Giuseppe Andreoni Goal: Develop an integrated system for neuro-motor rehabilitations - glove and BCI headset - based on User Centered Design Keywords: wearability | aesthetic acceptability | user friendliness | reliability | functionality AA.Gloreha Glove Glove for passive rehabilitation of patients with any hand deficiency. It is actuated by five independent motors. B. EEG Headset Headset based on EEG input method, for detecting and monitoring the brain activity. EEG headset are often used in neuro-rehabilitation process like post-stroke rehabilitation. B

Roberto Sironi | Paolo Perego | Riccardo Lavezzari | Giuseppe Andreoni User-centered design (UCD) is a process in which the needs, wants, and limitations of end users of a products, service or process are given extensive attention at each stage of the design process. As suggested in the UCD (User Centered Design) methodology, the design of the headset and the glove starts from the study of user experiences. The user NWD (Needs, Wants and Desires) has been collected and analyzed with and approach divided into three steps: A.INTERVIEW WITH USERS (GLOVE) B. BENCHMARKING ANALYSIS (HEADSET) C. ANTHROPOMETRIC ANALYSIS (HAND + HEAD) USER CENTERED DESIGN

Roberto Sironi | Paolo Perego | Riccardo Lavezzari | Giuseppe Andreoni Test the user experience of Gloreha rehabilitation glove, analyzing practical, experiential, meaningful and valuable aspects, including a user’s perceptions of system such as aesthetic acceptability, efficiency and ease of use. INTERVIEWS WITH USERS_Gloreha glove >2 patients (one male, one female) aged from 30 to 40 years old. >Participants are both affected by symptoms of post strokes: one patient with left hand hemiparesis and one patient with right hand hemi-paretic dystonia.

Roberto Sironi | Paolo Perego | Riccardo Lavezzari | Giuseppe Andreoni The development of a new product requires a previous market and benchmark analysis in order to highlight the pros and cons of each product. We conducted a market analysis comparing eleven EEG headsets. BENCHMARKING ANALYSIS_EEG headset Images of the selected EEG headsets. A. BrainCap, B. ActiCap, C. ActiCapXpress, D. G.gammaCap, E. Nautilus, F. Stat X Series, G. Epoc, H. Neuro Trail, I. Mynd, L. Imec, M. Neurokeeper

Roberto Sironi | Paolo Perego | Riccardo Lavezzari | Giuseppe Andreoni We made an anthropometrics analysis focused on hand and head measurements. In order to create different size of the headset the analysis focused on the 1 th, 50 th and 99 th percentiles for both the sexes. ANTHROPOMETRIC ANALYSIS FOR MAN/WOMEN ADULT HEAD AND HAND

Roberto Sironi | Paolo Perego | Riccardo Lavezzari | Giuseppe Andreoni The result of previous interviews with users have been synthetized in the following key- points: RESULTS: INTERVIEWS (GLOREHA) >device wearability: patients prefer to have a conformation of the glove that wrap the fingers totally; >the exercises are only for the movement of the fingers; >keep concentration is fundamental during the rehabilitation exercises; >the aesthetic of the glove is not accepted (it seems a mechanical tool and not an hand); >3D software interface doesn’t represent the real movement of the hand; >the software doesn’t encourage enough the patients in terms of motivations.

Roberto Sironi | Paolo Perego | Riccardo Lavezzari | Giuseppe Andreoni The comparative table shows the EEG Headset market goes in two main directions: 1.on one side there is an offer that aims to a specialized market where users are clinicians who have special needs related to detection of EEG signals 2.on the other side there are systems designed for consumer market where the buyers are not always clinicians or researcher, but rather a wide range of non-specialized users RESULTS: BENCHMARKING

Roberto Sironi | Paolo Perego | Riccardo Lavezzari | Giuseppe Andreoni >The aim of the project will be the development of an integrated system for active hand rehabilitation, through robotized glove with sensors (EMG detection) and headset for detecting EEG signals. CONCLUSIONS + > The starting point is the development of a specific EEG headset following these design requirements: HIGH VALUE OF AESTHETIC ACCEPTABILITY ELECTRODES REPLACEMENTS INTEGRATION WITH THE REHABILITATION GLOVE STABILITY AND LIGHTWEIGHT ADAPTABLE (DIFFERENT SIZES) EASE TO USE AND HIGH SETUP SPEED DESIGN ACCORDING TO ANTHROPOMETRY EASE DEVICE RECHARGEABILITY

Roberto Sironi | Paolo Perego | Riccardo Lavezzari | Giuseppe Andreoni >EEG HEADSET CONCEPT CONCLUSIONS 8 ACTIVE DRY ELECTRODES ELECTRONIC

Roberto Sironi | Paolo Perego | Riccardo Lavezzari | Giuseppe Andreoni REFERENCES >Wolpaw JR, Birbaumer N, McFarland DJ, Pfurtscheller G, Vaughan TM. “Brain– computer interfaces for communication and control”, 2002, Clin Neurophysiol. 113(6), pp. 767–91. >Perego, P., Turconi, A. C., Andreoni, G., Maggi, L., Beretta, E., Parini, S., Gagliardi, C. “Cognitive ability assessment by Brain–Computer Interface: Validation of a new assessment method for cognitive abilities”, 2011, Journal of neuroscience methods, 201(1), pp >Sreedharan, S., Sitaram, R., Paul, J. S., & Kesavadas, C. “Brain-computer interfaces for neurorehabilitation”, 2013, Critical Reviews™ in Biomedical Engineering, 41(3). >Abras, C., Maloney-Krichmar, D., Preece, J. “User-centered design”. 2004, Bainbridge, W. Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 37(4), pp >Kimitaka, K., Akihiro, I. “Fujitsu’s Activities for Universal Design”, 2004, FUJITSU Scientific & Technical Journal 41.1, pp >Brainproducts Acticap website. >Emotiv website. >OpenBCI website.