Latitude and Longitude Social Studies Window to the World: Lesson 7: Latitude and Longitude Materials needed: -Window to the World packet -Lesson 6 Ticket out the Door -colored map of United States for each student -dry erase board, marker, and eraser (or paper) for each student -PA latitude and longitude map for each student -bag of latitude and longitude cards for each student

How can I identify my location on the Earth? The BIG Question: How can I identify my location on the Earth? Today, we’ll finish investigating our big question. Let’s think about what we know so far.

a person who makes maps or charts cartographer a person who makes maps or charts What do you call a person who makes maps or charts? *

measure distances north and south run from east to west lines of latitude 0° parallels We learned that cartographers added imaginary lines running from east to west across the globe. What do you call those lines? * Lines of latitude are always the same distance apart, and so they have a second name. What are they called? * We can use lines of latitude to * measure distances north and south of this * important line. What is the name of this line? * Since the equator is our starting point, what is its label? * measure distances north and south

measure distances east and west run from north to south 0° lines of longitude meridians We learned that cartographers also added imaginary lines running from north to south on the globe. What do you call those lines? * Lines of latitude look a little bit like the sections of an orange. They also have a second name. What are they called? * We can use lines of longitude to * measure distances east and west of this * important line. What is the name of this line? * Since the Prime Meridian is our starting point, what is its label? * measure distances east and west Prime Meridian

Latitude We came up with some tricks to help us remember which lines are which. Tell me one of our tricks for latitude (a in latitude = across, looks like a ladder * ) Tell me one of our tricks for longitude (long in the word longitude, telephone pole * because they go from pole to pole and are up and down) So far, we’ve used just latitude and just longitude to tell our location on the Earth. Let’s see how you did on your Ticket Out the Door yesterday, which used just longitude. (pass back) Longitude

Ticket Out the Door longitude 60°W 30°E 15°E 30°W 45°E The lines that run north to south on a map or globe are called lines of _______________. Give the location of each dot below: A = __________ B = __________ C = __________ D = __________ E = __________ 60°W D B 30°E 45°W 45°E (volunteers read and fill in * * * * * *) On a map or a globe, you will find both latitude and longitude lines. 15°E 15°W 15°E A 30°W E C 45°E

latitude and longitude When you put both latitude and longitude lines on the map or globe, they cross over each other and make a grid. You can then use this grid to give your exact location on the Earth. Think for a minute about grids you have learned about in math class.

You can describe the location of the various places in this town using the grid. Can you tell me where the park is located? * What do you call this pair of numbers that I wrote? (ordered pair) In an ordered pair, I first tell the number of squares across and then the number of squares up. Where is the museum located? * What is located at (4,2)? * What is located at (6,1)? * (7,8) Where is the park located? __________ Where is the museum located? __________ What is located at (4,2)? _________________________ What is located at (6,1)? _________________________ (9,4) Plant Store Zoo

W W W W W W N N Montana North Dakota Minnesota South Dakota New York Wisconsin Idaho N Wyoming Michigan PA Nebraska Ohio Indiana Since latitude and longitude lines cross over each other and make a grid, I can give the location of a place on the Earth using an ordered pair. The first number in an ordered pair is how far across. Which type of line goes across on a map or globe? (latitude) So I will always give the latitude of a place first. Then I can give its longitude, which goes up and down. Let’s try using latitude and longitude to find some locations. Suppose I was located at…* To find out where I am on the Earth, first I need to find 40°N, which is right here * and 110°W, which is right here *. Then I need to follow those lines to see where they meet * Where would I be located on the Earth if I was at 40°N, 110°W? (Utah) Nevada Illinois Utah Colorado Kansas N Virginia Missouri Kentucky North Carolina Oklahoma Tennessee Arkansas South Carolina Arizona New Mexico Alabama N Mississippi Georgia N 40°N, 110°W

30°N, 90°W Here’s another example. Montana North Dakota Minnesota South Dakota New York Wisconsin Idaho N Wyoming Michigan PA Nebraska Ohio Indiana Nevada Illinois Utah Colorado Kansas N Virginia Here’s another example. I want to know where I would be located if I was at…* First I have to find 30°N * Then I have to find 90°W * Now I have to follow the lines to see where they meet * Where would I be located? (Louisiana) Now, it’s your turn to try some. (pass out maps - have kids write answers on dry erase boards or paper) Missouri Kentucky North Carolina Oklahoma Tennessee Arkansas South Carolina Arizona New Mexico Alabama N Mississippi Georgia N 30°N, 90°W

45°N, 70°W Where would I be located if I was at…* Montana North Dakota Minnesota South Dakota New York Wisconsin Idaho N Wyoming Michigan PA Nebraska Ohio Indiana Nevada Illinois Utah Colorado Kansas N Virginia Missouri Kentucky North Carolina Oklahoma Tennessee Arkansas South Carolina Arizona New Mexico Alabama N Mississippi Georgia Where would I be located if I was at…* (students write answers on board/paper) Let’s check your answer. Here is 45°N * Here is 70°W * If we follow the lines to where they meet *, we would be located in Maine. N 45°N, 70°W

35°N, 120°W Here’s your next one. Montana North Dakota Minnesota South Dakota New York Wisconsin Idaho N Wyoming Michigan PA Nebraska Ohio Indiana Nevada Illinois Utah Colorado Kansas N Virginia Missouri Kentucky North Carolina Here’s your next one. Where would I be located if I was at…* (students write on board/paper) Let’s check your answer. Here is 35°N * Here is 120°W * If we follow the lines to where they meet *, we would be located in California. Oklahoma Tennessee Arkansas South Carolina Arizona New Mexico Alabama N Mississippi Georgia N 35°N, 120°W

25°N, 100°W Here’s your next one. Montana North Dakota Minnesota South Dakota New York Wisconsin Idaho N Wyoming Michigan PA Nebraska Ohio Indiana Nevada Illinois Utah Colorado Kansas N Virginia Missouri Kentucky North Carolina Here’s your next one. Where would I be located if I was at…* (students write on board/paper) Let’s check your answer. Here is 25°N * Here is 100°W * If we follow the lines to where they meet *, we would be located in Mexico. Let’s try one more. Oklahoma Tennessee Arkansas South Carolina Arizona New Mexico Alabama N Mississippi Georgia N 25°N, 100°W

50°N, 80°W Where would I be located if I was at…* Montana North Dakota Minnesota South Dakota New York Wisconsin Idaho N Wyoming Michigan PA Nebraska Ohio Indiana Nevada Illinois Utah Colorado Kansas N Virginia Missouri Kentucky North Carolina Oklahoma Tennessee Arkansas Where would I be located if I was at…* (students write on board/paper) Let’s check your answer. Here is 50°N * Here is 80°W * If we follow the lines to where they meet *, we would be located in Canada. Now let’s try going the opposite way. South Carolina Arizona New Mexico Alabama N Mississippi Georgia N 50°N, 80°W

45°N, 120°W Suppose I was located right here *. Montana North Dakota Minnesota South Dakota New York Wisconsin Idaho N Wyoming Michigan PA Nebraska Ohio Indiana Nevada Illinois Utah Colorado Kansas N Virginia Missouri Kentucky North Carolina Oklahoma Tennessee Arkansas South Carolina Arizona New Mexico Alabama N Mississippi Georgia Suppose I was located right here *. I want to tell my latitude and longitude. First, I find my latitude. So I follow my line * across. What is my latitude? * Next, I find my longitude. I follow my line * up. What is my longitude? * N 45°N, 120°W

30°N, 100°W Let’s try another one. Montana North Dakota Minnesota South Dakota New York Wisconsin Idaho N Wyoming Michigan PA Nebraska Ohio Indiana Nevada Illinois Utah Colorado Kansas N Virginia Missouri Kentucky North Carolina Oklahoma Tennessee Let’s try another one. Suppose I was located right here *. I want to tell my latitude and longitude. What is my latitude? (call on volunteer) If I follow my line * across, my latitude is 30°N. What is my longitude? (call on volunteer) If I follow my line * up, my longitude is 100°W. Now it’s your turn. Arkansas South Carolina Arizona New Mexico Alabama N Mississippi Georgia N 30°N, 100°W

W W W W W W N N Montana North Dakota Minnesota South Dakota New York Wisconsin Idaho N Wyoming Michigan PA Nebraska Ohio Indiana Nevada Illinois Utah Colorado Kansas N Virginia Missouri Kentucky North Carolina Oklahoma Tennessee Arkansas South Carolina Arizona New Mexico Alabama N Mississippi Georgia Suppose I was located right here *. Write the latitude and longitude. (students write answer on board/paper) Let’s check your answer. If I follow my line * across, my latitude is 40°N. If I follow my line * up, my longitude is 80°W. Here is your next one…. N 40°N, 80°W

W W W W W W N N Montana North Dakota Minnesota South Dakota New York Wisconsin Idaho N Wyoming Michigan PA Nebraska Ohio Indiana Nevada Illinois Utah Colorado Kansas N Virginia Missouri Kentucky North Carolina Oklahoma Tennessee Arkansas South Carolina Arizona New Mexico Alabama N Mississippi Georgia Suppose I was located right here *. Write the latitude and longitude. (students write answer on board/paper) Let’s check your answer. If I follow my line * across, my latitude is 35°N. If I follow my line * up, my longitude is 110°W. N 35°N, 110°W

W W W W W W N N Montana North Dakota Minnesota South Dakota New York Wisconsin Idaho N Wyoming Michigan PA Nebraska Ohio Indiana Nevada Illinois Utah Colorado Kansas N Virginia Missouri Kentucky North Carolina Oklahoma Tennessee Arkansas South Carolina Arizona New Mexico Alabama N Mississippi Georgia Suppose I was located right here *. Write the latitude and longitude. (students write answer on board/paper) Let’s check your answer. If I follow my line * across, my latitude is 45°N. If I follow my line * up, my longitude is 90°W. N 45°N, 90°W

W W W W W W N N Montana North Dakota Minnesota South Dakota New York Wisconsin Idaho N Wyoming Michigan PA Nebraska Ohio Indiana Nevada Illinois Utah Colorado Kansas N Virginia Missouri Kentucky North Carolina Oklahoma Tennessee Arkansas South Carolina Arizona New Mexico Alabama N Mississippi Georgia Suppose I was located right here *. Write the latitude and longitude. (students write answer on board/paper) Let’s check your answer. If I follow my line * across, my latitude is 30°N. If I follow my line * up, my longitude is 120°W. N 30°N, 120°W

Sum it up! What have you learned? It’s time for us to sum up what we’ve learned today. Open your Window to the World packet to page 10.

longitude meridians east west Prime Meridian O° latitude longitude Lines of _________________run from north to south. These lines are also called _____________. They divide the Earth into pieces like the sections of an orange. They measure how far ____________ or ____________ a place is from the ______________ _______________, which is labeled ______ . meridians east west Prime Meridian O° We filled in all of the facts on this page except the very bottom. Read that last part to yourself and think about the answers. When you think you know them, raise your hand. (call on volunteer to read and fill in * *) Flip two pages to page 12. latitude When writing the location of a place, the ___________ is written first, followed by a comma and then the ___________________. longitude

N S F E W What letter is located at 20°S, 20°E? ______ At the top of this page, we have a map of the world with latitude and longitude lines. Notice that they didn’t label N,S,E,W for us. We have to use what we learned to figure that out on our own. What is our starting line for latitude? (equator) Let’s draw an arrow * at the equator. What would all the numbers above the equator be labeled? Let’s write a * big N here. What would all the numbers below the equator be labeled? Let’s write a * big S here. What is our starting line for longitude? (Prime Meridian) Let’s draw an arrow * at the Prime Meridian. How should I label numbers to the left? Let’s write a * big W. How should I label numbers to the right? Let’s write a * big E. Let’s answer the first question. (call on volunteer) Here is 20°S * and 20°E *. If I follow both lines *, they meet at letter F. S F What letter is located at 20°S, 20°E? ______

N S G E W What letter is located at 40°N, 100°W? ______ Let’s do the next one. (call on volunteer) Here is 40°N * and 100°W *. If I follow both lines *, they meet at letter G. S G What letter is located at 40°N, 100°W? ______

N S B E W What letter is located at 80°N, 0°? ______ Let’s do the next one. (call on volunteer) Here is 80°N and we already have an arrow at 0°. If I follow both lines *, they meet at letter B. S B What letter is located at 80°N, 0°? ______

N S H E W What letter is located at 20°N, 40°E? ______ Let’s do the next one. (call on volunteer) Here is 20°N * and 40°E *. If I follow both lines *, they meet at letter H. S H What letter is located at 20°N, 40°E? ______ 27

N S J E W What letter is located at 10°S, 40°W? ______ Let’s do the next one. (call on volunteer) Here is 10°S * and 40°W *. If I follow both lines *, they meet at letter J. S J What letter is located at 10°S, 40°W? ______ 28

N S 20°S 100°E E W What is the location of letter A? ______ , ______ Let’s do the next one. This time, we have to give the latitude and longitude. What do you think is its latitude? (call on volunteer) If I start at letter A and follow the latitude line * , I end up at 20°S. What do you think is its longitude? If I follow the longitude line, * I end up at 100°E. S 20°S 100°E What is the location of letter A? ______ , ______

N S 0° 140°W E W What is the location of letter C? ______ , ______ Let’s do the next one. What do you think is its latitude? (call on volunteer) If I start at letter C and follow the latitude line * , I end up at 0°. Why don’t I write N or S? What do you think is its longitude? (call on volunteer) If I follow the longitude line, * I end up at 140°W. S 0° 140°W What is the location of letter C? ______ , ______

N S 60°S 40°W E W What is the location of letter D? ______ , ______ Let’s do the next one. What do you think is its latitude? (call on volunteer) If I start at letter D and follow the latitude line * , I end up at 60°S. What do you think is its longitude? (call on volunteer) If I follow the longitude line, * I end up at 40°W. Your… S 60°S 40°W What is the location of letter D? ______ , ______

Ticket Out the Door page 11 Using Latitude and Longitude …Ticket Out the Door for today is the page before this one in your packet, which is page 11. Please do this page on your own to show what you know about latitude and longitude. When you are finished, put it on the corner of your desk for me to check. Study your flash cards silently while waiting. Tonight’s homework: Practice latitude and longitude using the cards. (pass out card sets and PA maps) Optional: Have pairs play Message in a Bottle to practice latitude and longitude.