WHAT FACTORS THAT LEAD TO THE CIVIL WAR Road to the Civil War

Vocabulary Missouri Compromise Abolitionist Manifest Destiny Popular Sovereignty Compromise of 1850 Annexes Secedes Dred Scott Bleeding Kansas Kansas Nebraska Act Slave code

Transportation: Establishes and the Development of the Northern States and Southern States The North had better transportation and most of the industry in the country. The South was mainly agricultural. Slavery was a major factor in being agriculturally successful. Slavery was seen by the South as essential to a good economy.

Transportation and Invention Revolutions impact on the UNITED STATES NORTHEAST  Industrial, more Railroads SOUTH  Cotton & Slavery becomes vital WEST  The Nation’s “Breadbasket

How did the two factors lead to the Civil War : Industrial Revolution: How it cause the North and South develop differently Settling the West: To allow slavery or not? Factories grew in the North Due to: New inventions New forms of transportation, (railroads, steam engines, farming equipment) Cities grow (urbanization),as immigrants come to northern cities for factory jobs.. Missouri Compromise: The first time the issue of whether slavery should be contained in present states or allowed in other areas of the United States

Growing Division in the Country North Industrialization Railroads Telegraph Trade Unions Immigration South Agriculture Cotton Tenant Farmers Plantations Slavery

The Cotton Gin made Slavery very profitable! Especially for the “Cotton Kingdom”, or owners of large plantations. Resistance to Slavery: among the slaves and Northerners who wanted to abolish slavery, called Abolitionists. How the Cotton Gin Impacted the South

Western Areas decide….slavery or not? As people moved west and populated areas, these areas became states. Each state had to decide if they would allow slavery or not there were 11 slave states and 11 free states. Missouri applied for statehood, would upset the balance. Missouri Compromised, Maine admitted as free, Missouri as slave.

The compromise provided that the Louisiana Territory north of the southern border of Missouri would be free of slavery. White southerners were not happy that congress had given itself the power to make laws regarding slavery. Northerners were angry that Congress had allowed slavery to expand into another state The beginning of the country dividing Missouri Compromise Two different perspectives On the Missouri Compromise

When United States wins the war with Mexico and gain the new territory from Mexico the United States were confronted again with whether the new territories should allow slavery? Mexico wins independence from Spain Gov. of Mexico gives land grant to Moses Austin, US citizen. 1820’s 1000’s Americans flood into Texas ’s Texans in conflict with Mexican gov. Texans go to war with Mexico Texans defeat Mexico, become separate Republic US Government Annexes Texas to become a state Mexico declares war on US for annexing Texas! 1845 Mexico loses and US acquires California, New Mexico,Arizonia and more! 1848 Manifest Destiny a term for the attitude during the period of American expansion(1800’s) that the United States not only could, but was destined to, stretch from coast to coast.

California Gold Rush James Marshall discovers gold January 1848 By 1849 there was a rush to California by thousands from all over the world to come and find their fortune! So many came and settled, the people of California petitioned the US government to become a FREE state!!!!! THIS LEADS TO CONFLICT Gold Rush Prospectors Hoping to strike it RICH!!!!!!!!!!

What the North Gets: California is a free state Slave trade banned in Washington DC What the South Gets: Congress has no power to regulate slave trade between slave states. Popular Sovereignty in new territories to decide slavery S Fugitive Slave act: the seizure and return of runaway slaves who escaped from one state into another or into a federal territoryslaves Missouri Compromise Kept the peace for 30 years Six new states joined the Union – 3 slave and 3 free….still equal in number AND THEN 1849 California petitions to be a “Free” state. This would upset the balance between free and slave states!!!!!!!!!! Congress comes up with the Compromise of 1850

Many northerners and abolitionists RESENTED having to return runaway slaves when it went against their conscience. What about the Compromise of 1850 really pulled the two sides apart? Fugitive Slave Law: 1. Government officials can arrest any person accused of being a runaway. 2. No right to trial. 3. Guilty of being a runaway is only based on a white witness who swears the suspect is the slave owners property!

Slave and Free Territories Under the Compromise of 1850

So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham Lincoln Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811–1896) Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852 Story of a slave owner selling his slaves, and how one of the slaves to be sold is taken by his mother to run away to the North.  Sold 300,000 copies in the first year.  Northerners are shocked, and convinced slavery not just a political conflict, but now a moral one  South it was propaganda

Tensions about Slavery are increasing in intensity in the country Northerners are appalled at the slave conditions described in Uncle Toms Cabin and the conditions in the Fugitive slave act. Southerners are more a more seeing slavery as a personal and states right issue that the government has no right interfering with. Kansas Nebraska Act only increases tensions. In this new territory the slavery issue decided by popular sovereignty caused increase tensions, leading to violence and death.

Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854 Nebraska and Kansas territories slavery is decided by Popular Sovereignty. This undoes Missouri Compromise where slavery wasn’t allowed above the 36 parallel

Bleeding Kansas: Pro and Anti forces result in violence, and death! Result of the Kansas- Nebraska Act: Pro slavery forces and Anti slavery forces pore into these areas to win the vote on slavery in those territories.

Bleeding Kansas: Violence Errupts Elections Held: The results were corrupted. Pro slavery and anti-slavery groups are armed and attacking each other. Settlers are killed Fighting also impacts the Senate. Massachusetts Gov, Sumner gives anti slavery speech!!! Nephew of southern Senator, enters Senate and beats Sumner with his cane on the Senate floor. Sumner never completely recovers from his injuries.

Dread Scott Decision 1857 Dred Scott, a slave went to Supreme Court claimed because he lived in free areas with his master, he was legally free because in those areas slavery is illegal. Court decides Scott is not free for 2 reasons: 1. Scott had no right to sue for his freedom because he was not a legal citizen. 2. Slaves were property so whether you live in free area or slave you would always be a slave. North including Abraham Lincoln hate the ruling South loved ruling Abraham Lincoln runs for President of the United States in the 1860 election Dred Scott Decision 1857

Lincoln runs for President verses Stephen Douglas Opposes Kansas- Nebraska act…Popular Sovereignty Lincoln against spread of slavery Southerners see Lincoln as a abolitionist For Popular Sovereignty. Each area decide for themselves if they want slavery. South says Lincoln get elected states will secede from the Union

SOUTH CAROLINA SECEDES FROM THE UNION OF THE UNITED STATES WAR BEGINS Lincoln is Elected

North Carolina North Carolina was a slave state, great concentration along the coast. Slave Codes defined the social economic and physical life for slaves.  They lacked freedom of movement  Not allowed to read or write Freed Blacks: free but experienced prejudice North Carolina Supported the Mexican American war Last state to vote to sucede from the Union