Monday, November 28, 2011  Warm-up: Describe the first Thanksgiving.  Notes – NC in the 1700s  Review – half sheet of paper summary Give it a title (main idea). Write your name on the back. Draw a picture that represents the main idea. Write 3-5 details on the back that support your main idea (title).

“Immigrants”  People came from all over Europe to NC in the mid-1700s  Scotland, Ireland & Germany  Adventure, cheap land, religious/political freedom, etc.  By 1776, NC ranked 4 th among colonies in number of people.

Progress  Small farmers used the piedmont for cultivation  Businesses made sawmills from forests  Rough roads made; rivers cleared debris  Lighthouses built along coast

Population  Between 1730 and 1775, NC’s “free” population went from 30,000 to 260,000.  High birth rate and immigration pushed this population boom.

Promotion of NC  Advertisements in Europe promised mild climate, fertile soil, and inexpensive land.  Pennsylvania Gazette promised great things in NC, too.  European leaders “recruited” unwanted/rebellious groups to come to NC

Ethnic Diversity  German-speaking groups in central Europe saw NC as a place to escape religious persecution and political turmoil at home.  Ireland & Scotland saw NC as a way to escape crowded conditions or harsh landlords (Highland Scots).  These 2 groups came by the 1,000s as the 1 st wave of immigrants.

Highland Scots  Gabriel Johnston, a Scot, became royal gov. of NC in 1734, and promoted the settlement of especially those in Scotland.  Brunswick was the landing place for the first large group of Highland Scots (about 360).  Highland Scots in England rebelled and were punished -> huge population in NC.

Highland Scots  The region (around Brunswick) became so heavily populated that NC Assembly created a separate county called Cumberland  When Amer. Revolution came to the colonies, the Highland Scots supported England instead of the colonies.  Scared of England?  Too high a risk?

Scots-Irish  Many people took the “Great Wagon Road” (along the Appalachian Mountains)  Backcountry (thinly populated settlements that stretched from the fall line to the Appalachians) were established by some of those people.  Claimed the backcountry as home (along with German-speaking Protestants).

Scots-Irish  Scots-Irish success in England and religious differences (bet. Protestants & Catholics) -> asked to leave by England  When Revolution came to the colonies, the Scots-Irish supported the colonies  NC soon becomes a place of rebellion and turmoil.

Pennsylvania Dutch  A term given to all Germans no matter their religion or whether they had even been in Penn.  Fled religious persecution in Germany.  Largest body of Germans to settle in NC were Moravians

Pennsylvania Dutch  Settled in the backcountry  Provided much of the medical and dental services to people in the area  Kept a strict policy of neutrality during Revolution times. Other sources say they supported the colonies.

Enslaved Africans  NC had the smallest population of enslaved Africans of the southern colonies in the 1700s.  Quakers spoke against slavery and helped limit its effects.

Native Americans  Cherokee were the only natives to prosper in the Carolinas  They went to war against SC and eventually had to give up land  Small pox wiped out over half of the tribe, forcing them to give up more land.

Tuesday, November 29, 2011  Warm-up: Most of the Quakers, Scotch- Irish, Germans, and others who settled in the NC backcountry pursued what sort of livelihood? a) Carpentry and construction work b) Serving as bankers to other settlers c) Large-scale agriculture on plantations d) Raising cattle and growing grain and corn  Review – half sheet  Notes – NC in the 1700s

“Country Folk”  The Backcountry was notorious for “equality” of status  People addressed each other by first names.  There was no sense of “class” or status in their society.

Gentry Class  Moderate or great wealth  Clergy, lawyers, doctors, and planters  Planters = owned self-sufficient plantations and sought after public office.

“Folks of a lesser sort”  Most of North Carolinians  Farmers, servants, and laborers  Formed the bulk of the militia (volunteer soldiers)  Indentured servants – more important than enslaved laborers during the early years of the colony  Apprentices  Slaves

Racism  Belief by some that people of one race are superior to those of another  Crept into colonial America along with the 1 st Africans forcibly carried to its shores

Agriculture  By the 1700s, approximately 95% of all North Carolinians earned their living through agriculture or related industry.  Cash crops (crops sold for a profit) – typical to NC were corn, wheat, and tobacco

The Pig  Hogs were a valuable commodity in NC  Approximately 1/8 of all salt pork in the West Indies came from NC.

Forests  NC sold England more than 60% of its naval stores (tar, pitch, etc.)  NC supplied England with almost 10% of England’s lumber.  Corduroy roads – settlers put down small tree trunks across muddy roads to “pave” it.

Wednesday, November 30, 2011  Warm-up: How did the farmers of western Carolina differ from those in the eastern part of the colony? a) Eastern Carolina farmers had greater political and socioeconomic power. b) Western Carolina farmers had larger numbers of slaves to work their land. c) Western Carolina farmers depended more heavily on Native American laborers d) Eastern Carolina farmers had limited trade opportunities due to lack of port cities.  Quiz – open note  Formative Assessment #1-20

NC in the 1700s Quiz 1. What 2 things pushed the population boom between 1730 & 1775? 2. What was the largest religious group of Pennsylvania Dutch to settle in NC? 3. What is the backcountry? 4. What are corduroy roads? 5. True or False: In the backcountry, people addressed each other by titles to show respect of “class.”

NC in the 1700s Quiz 6. Where did 1/8 of the West Indies’s salt pork come from? 7. List at least 3 examples of people who would be considered “of a lesser sort.” 8. What were NC’s 3 main cash crops? 9. What is the definition of racism? 10. Where were most of the Pennsylvania Dutch actually from?

Thursday, December 1, 2011  Warm-up: Why did the Native Americans “fail” in the NC colony in the 1700s?  Formative Assessment  Page 186 & 238 – Memorize the Preamble for both the Declaration of Independence & Constitution

Friday, December 2, 2011  Warm-up: What are cash crops?  Page 186 & 238 – Memorize the Preamble for both the Declaration of Independence & Constitution  Read pages  Complete vocabulary & questions on page 144. These are your “notes.”  Title your notes, “North vs. South”