Bellwork: Draw and Label the parts of the flower. Use your HW to help you, and then turn it into the tray HAPPY MONDAY Independent CHAMPS E2 computer 8 4, 7, 8 & 3 = 9? 1 & 6 = 10? Anther Petal Ovules Stigma Sepal Filament Style Ovary Pistil/Carpel Stamen

What is BTP? B iology T utoring P rogram Applications due Friday, March 4 th !

Collect Today Page 116 – Flower Coloring Page (Monday) Assigned Page 117 – Flower Dissection (TOMORROW) Most Missed MAKEUP Quiz – Viruses/Micro (Wednesday) Page 114 – Notecard ALL PARTS (Friday) Protist/Fungi MAKEUP Quiz (Monday) Late NOTHING!

Unit 9 – Plant Systems Definitions Due Friday (2/26/16) All Parts Due Friday (3/4/16) 1.Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) 2.Anther 3.Cellular Respiration 4.Filament 5.Flower 6.Gametophyte 7.Germination 8.Glucose 9.Gravitropism 10.Guard cells 11.Hydrotropism 12.Leaf 13.Ovary 14.Ovule 15.Petal 16.Phloem 17.Photosynthesis 18.Phototropism 19.Pistil (Carpel) 20.Pollen 21.Pollination 22.Roots 23.Sepal 24.Spore 25.Stamen 26.Stem 27.Stigma 28.Stoma 29.Style 30.Thigmotropism 31.Transpiration 32.Vascular Tissue 33.Xylem 34.Mitochondria 35.Chloroplast PG 114

Essential Question How are plants structured for sexual reproduction? Standard B.10B - Describe the interactions that occur among systems that perform the functions of transport, reproduction, and response in plants PG 117

Plant Parts/Systems Reproductive System = Flower (with male and female parts) Transport System = tissues in stem Nutrient System = Leaf + Root Structural Support System = Stem + Roots All of these parts and systems work together to help a plant maintain homeostasis.

Flowers are reproductive organs made of four kinds of leaves: sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels.

Sepals surround the flower bud before it opens, and protect the flower while it is developing. Sepals are green in many plants. Petals are brightly colored and found inside the sepals. They attract insects and other pollinators to the flower.

The two main male parts of the flower are the anther, which contains the pollen, and the filament, which holds up the anther. Together they make up the stamen.

Male Reproductive Structure  A = Anther  F = Filament

The three main female parts of a flower are the stigma, style, and ovary. Together they make up the carpel/pistil The ovary surrounds and protects the seeds.

The stigma is where pollen lands and pollination begins. The style connects the stigma to the ovary.

Female Reproductive Structure  The (sticky) stigma receives the pollen from the anther  The pollen grows a tube down through the style  Meiosis occurs in the ovary to produce ovules  J = Stigma  K = Style  L = Ovary  O = Ovule

Pollination is when pollen is transferred (moved) from the male structure (stamen) of one flower to the female structure (pistil/carpel) of another flower.

A pollen grain is a tiny structure that contains the entire male gamete. It can be carried to other flowers by wind, insects, or small animals. So, this is what sexual reproduction in plants looks like...awkward

Pollination: the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma Cross-pollination: pollen travels from one flower to another. **This is desirable in plants as it promotes genetic variation. Click to view the animation

Self-pollination occurs when pollen falls from the anther onto the stigma of the same flower Self-pollination is not desirable as it reduces genetic variation

When a pollen grain lands on the stigma of a flower, it begins to grow a pollen tube. The pollen tube grows down the style and eventually reaches the flower’s ovary.

Once pollination occurs a tube grows from the pollen grain down through the style to the ovule stigma style ovary ovule carpel Note: Petals not shown in order to simplify diagram Click to view the animation

Fertilization: occurs when the pollen (male gamete) fuses with the ovule (the female gamete) **SEXUAL REPRODUCTION** Click to view the animation

Cone-bearing plants (gymnosperms) are usually pollinated by wind spreading their seeds. Flower-bearing plants (angiosperms) are typically pollinated by animals spreading pollen from one flower to another. Plants have adaptations like bright colors and sweet nectar in order to attract pollinators.

A seed is the embryo of a plant, surrounded by a food supply and encased in a protective covering. An embryo is an organism in the early stages of development.

The seed coat surrounds and protects the embryo and keeps the contents of the seed from drying out.

A fruit is a wall of tissue surrounding the seed and attracting animals to eat the fruit. When an animal eats a fruit, the seeds inside it travel through the animal’s digestive system and may get deposited many miles from the original plant.

Seeds dispersed by wind are typically lightweight, allowing them to be carried in the air or to float on the surface of the water. Seeds dispersed by animals are usually contained in sweet, fleshy fruits.

The two classes of angiosperms (flowering plants) are monocots and dicots.

KAHOOT!

Plant Quiz 1. Where is pollen made? stigma sepal anther ovary

Plant Quiz 2. Where is the ovule found in a flower? petals style nectary ovary

Plant Quiz 3. Pollination is the transfer from….? the stigma to anther style to stamen anther to stigma ovule to filament

Plant Quiz 4. Cross-pollination… Increases variation Decreases variation Is only performed by wind Is only performed by insects

Plant Quiz 5. Flowers are adapted for animal-pollination by… Having feathery stigmas Having a nectary Having bright petals and a scent Having sticky stigmas

Plant Quiz 6. Which mechanism for dispersal is used by the seed shown in the picture mechanical wind animal water

Plant Quiz 7. Which mechanism for dispersal is used by the seed shown in the picture mechanical animal wind water